Chemistry of the atmosphere
- Created by: SGOzwald
- Created on: 04-03-18 17:32
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- Chemistry of the atmosphere
- Evolution of the atmosphere
- Phase 1: Volcanoes
- For the first billion years the surface mostly consisted of volcanoes that released various gases
- The atmosphere mostly consisted of Carbon Dioxide with very little oxygen
- The volcanoes also released nitrogen as well as water vapour via methane and ammonia
- Phase 2: Oceans, Algae, green plants and CO2
- The vapour within the atmosphere condensed into water
- Lots of CO2 was absorbed into the oceans into carbonate preticipates that formed seabed sediments
- Green plants and algae wtihin the oceans absorbed CO2 for photosynthesis
- This led to marine animals so some of the carbonates are within their shells and skeletons
- Some carbon was locked within rocks as organisms died
- when animals die, their corpses will fall and will be covered in sediment. This will be compressed by sediment
- Fossil fuels are made via this process
- Crude oil and natural gas is formed via plankton
- coal is a sedimentary rock made by plants
- Fossil fuels are made via this process
- when animals die, their corpses will fall and will be covered in sediment. This will be compressed by sediment
- Phase 3: Green plants, algae and oxygen
- Plants and algae used photosynthesis to produce sugars
- The production of oxygen allows for the evolution of more complex life
- Plants and algae used photosynthesis to produce sugars
- Phase 1: Volcanoes
- Greenhouse gases
- Greenhouse gases act as a layer that keeps the planet warm
- As the radiation hits the greenhouse gases, it will be re-radiated in all directions, including back towards the earth
- Deforestation can release CO2 production but burning fossil fuels, agriculture and waste production known as
- The earths temperature varies naturally but recently it has been agreed among scientists that increased CO2 production has led to the average temperature increasing
- This could lead to:
- Ice caps melting, increasing sea level, flooding and coastal erosion
- Changes in rainfall patterns
- Increased danger and frequency of storms
- Editing the habitats of certain species
- This could lead to:
- Greenhouse gases act as a layer that keeps the planet warm
- Carbon footprints
- A carbon footprint is how much CO2 is produced by something
- This can be hard to measure however as it requires counting the emissions throughout the entire cycle of its existence
- There are ways to reduce your carbon footprint
- Use renewable or nuclear energy sources instead of fossil fuels
- Governments could tax companies on how much carbon they emit
- Governments could put a cap on how much carbon is emitted from a company
- You could use more efficient processes and reduce waste
- A carbon footprint is how much CO2 is produced by something
- Air pollution
- Combustion of fossil fuels
- Fossil fuels produce water vapour and carbon dioxide during combustion
- When there is little oxygen, some fuel doesn't burn and carbon monoxide will be produced (known as incomplete combustion)
- Particles can lead to respiratory issues and can damage the environemnt
- carbon monoxide prevents oxygen from properly carrying oxygen but it has no colour or smell so its hard to detect
- When there is little oxygen, some fuel doesn't burn and carbon monoxide will be produced (known as incomplete combustion)
- Sulfur dioxide is released during the combustion of fossile fuels
- Nitrogen oxides are created from reactions between oxygen and nitrogen
- Can mix together to produce acid rain
- Nitrogen oxides are created from reactions between oxygen and nitrogen
- Fossil fuels produce water vapour and carbon dioxide during combustion
- Combustion of fossil fuels
- Evolution of the atmosphere
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