chemistry unit 1

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Created by: alexus2506
Created on: 08-10-18 21:49

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chemistry notes
- testing for cations
  - lithium
    - crimson
      - this does not work for compounds
        orange
        
        lilac
        
        brick red
        
        green / blue
  - sodium
    - orange
  - potassium
    - lilac
  - calcium
    - brick red
  - copper
    - green / blue
- testing for anions
  - calcium +2
    - cloudy
  - copper +2
    - blue
      - sodium hydroxide is used
        cloudy
        
        cloudy then dissolves
        
        cloudy
        
        green/ blue
        
        brown
  - iron +2
    - green/ blue
  - magnesium
    - cloudy
  - iron +3
    - brown
  - aluminium
    - cloudy then dissolves
- testing for carbonates
  - add hydrochloric acid into test tube for form a gass
    - it is a carbonate if lime water turns cloudy
- testing for sulfates
  - hydrochloric acid and barium chloride
    - if it is a sulphate then it will form a white precipitate
    - hydrochloric acid first so that the chloride is taken out of solution
- testing for halides
  - add dilute nitric acid and then silver nitrate
    - chlorine is white
    - bromide is cream
    - iodide is yellow
- tests for different gasses
  - chlorine
    - use litmus paper
      - it should turn from red to white
  - oxygen
    - relighting a glowing splint
  - carbon dioxide
    - bubbling lime water
      - lime water should turn cloudy
  - hydrogen
    - squeaky pop test with a lit splint
- pure and impure
  - pure is made out of one type of atom
  - impure is made up of more than one type of atom
  - formulation is another word for a mixture made for a specific job
  - separation methods
    - chromatography - mass
    - distillation - boiling point
    - filtration - states of matter
- chromatography
  - mobile phase
    - the solvent moving up the paper
  - stationary phase
    - the chromatography paper
  - FR value
    - distance moved by substance -------------distance travelled by solvent

Comments

#teacher101

Report Wed 24th October, 2018 @ 17:27

very very helpful for revision

noodlesinmybath

Report Thu 9th January, 2020 @ 11:52

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Frogo

Report Tue 22nd November, 2022 @ 19:22

very useful for last minute revsing.

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