Charles I Reign 1625 - 1629
- Created by: Caprice254
- Created on: 20-05-14 20:40
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- Charles I Reign 1625 - 1629
- Youngest surviving child of James I
- Poor communication skills due to his stammer
- One of the greatest art collectors of the century
- Inherited several problems
- Failures in foreign policy
- Buckingham
- Religion
- Finance
- Began a period of personal rule in 1629 (Rule without parliament)
- First Parliament June - August 1625
- Charles failed to explain foreign policy so the parliament used money against him
- Voted Charles tonnage and poundage for only 1 year instead of for life
- 2 subsidies in June 1625 - less than a quarter of what Charles actually needed
- Inquirey into 1624 subsidy
- Attacked the issue of the growth of Arminianism
- Buckingham was taking advice from Laud - Bishop of Bath and Wells
- Parliament attempted to withhold supplies until Buckingham was removed
- Charles could dissolve parliament but he was still remained financially weak
- Second Parliament February - May 1626
- Determined to remove the Duke of Buckingham
- Granted subsidies in theory but wouldn't pass them until he was removed
- Charles had to dissolve parliament to save Buckingham from being impeached and to avoid a nasty debate on the discussion of parliamentary privileges
- Determined to remove the Duke of Buckingham
- Third Parliament March 1628 - March 1629
- Started in tense circumstances as Laud was to preach the opening sermon
- Laud represented unpopular religious ideas and everything about the corrupt patronage system controlled by Buckingham
- Released those who had refused to pay the Forced Loan
- Did little to ease hostility
- Committee of Grievances formed - consider Charles and his goods
- Also covered: Bulleting of soliders in private houses and punishment by martial law
- Outcome: Petition of Right 1628
- 5 Knights Case
- "These rights, these privileges, which made our fathers freemen, are in question."
- Also covered: Bulleting of soliders in private houses and punishment by martial law
- No freeman to be detained/kept in prison/restrained by the King or privy council unless a cause is given
- The commissions for proceeding by martial law may be revoked and annulled
- No tax, loan, benevolence or other charge to be commanded by the King unless consent is given by an Act of Parliament
- 5 Knights Case
- 5 Knights Case
- "These rights, these privileges, which made our fathers freemen, are in question."
- Buckingham assassinated in between first and second session
- Second session even more hostile - Charles accused of breaching the Petition of Right
- Charles dissolved Parliament 10th March after 9 MPs were arrested
- Started in tense circumstances as Laud was to preach the opening sermon
- In between Second and Third Parliaments 1627
- War breaks out with France 1627
- Known as Buckingham's war - an attempt to redeem himself
- Ended up getting involved in 2 wars
- Drain on finance
- Buckingham's credibility reduced
- Charles catholic wife Henrietta even more unpopular
- Known as Buckingham's war - an attempt to redeem himself
- Charles had to collect tonnage and poundage illegally
- Called for a Forced Loan in 1626
- Intended to bring in 5 subsidies - expected his loyal subjects and clergymen to contribute
- Forced Loan collected in 1627 but 76 people refused to pay
- They were arrested or conscripted into the army
- Archbishop Abbott suspended for not supporting the Forced Loan
- Called for a Forced Loan in 1626
- War breaks out with France 1627
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