Cells 2
- Created by: Nicola Carter
- Created on: 08-12-12 12:10
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- Cells
- Nucleus
- Structure
- Contains chromatin
- Surrounded by a nuclear envelope. This is made of 2 membranes with a fluid between them. Has nuclear pores - large enough for relatively large molecules to pass through
- There is a dense, spherical structure called the nucleolus inside the nucleus.
- Function
- Houses all the cell's genetic material
- Has instructions for making proteins.
- Structure
- Endoplasmic Reticulm
- Structure
- consists of flattened, membrane-bound sacs called cisternae
- Rough endoplamic reticulum is studded with ribosomes.
- Smooth endoplasmic reticulum doesn't have ribosomes.
- Function
- Rough ER transports proteins, that were made on the attached ribosomes.
- Some are secreted from the cell, some will be placed on the cell surface membrane.
- Smooth ER is involved in making the lipids that the cell needs
- Rough ER transports proteins, that were made on the attached ribosomes.
- Structure
- Golgi appartus
- Structure
- A stack of membrane-bound, flattened sacs
- Function
- Receives proteins from the ER and modifies them
- may add sugar to them
- Then packages the modified proteins into vesicels that can be transported
- Some may go to the surface of the cell so that they can be secreted
- Receives proteins from the ER and modifies them
- Structure
- Mitochondria
- Structure
- 2 membranes separated by a fluid filled space
- Inner membrane is highly folded to form cristae
- The central part is called the matrix
- 2 membranes separated by a fluid filled space
- Function
- Make ATP during respiration
- Structure
- Chloroplasts
- Structure
- Only found in plant cells
- 2 membranes separated by a fluid-filled space
- Inner membrane is continuous, with an elaborate network flattened membrane sacs called thlakoids
- Stack of thylakoids called granum
- Chlorophyll are present here
- Inner membrane is continuous, with an elaborate network flattened membrane sacs called thlakoids
- Function
- Sit e of photosynthesis
- Structure
- Lysosomes
- Structure
- Spherical sacs surronded by a single membrane
- Function
- Powerful digestive enzyme
- Their role is to break down materials
- Structure
- Ribosomes
- Structure
- Tiny organelles
- Consist of 2 subunits
- Some are free in the cytoplasm and some are bound to the ER
- Function
- Site of protein synthesis
- Structure
- Centrioles
- Structure
- Small tubes of protein fibres (microtubules)
- Pair next to the nucleus of animal cells
- In the cells of some protoctists
- Function
- Take part in cell division
- Form the fibres, known as the spindle, move chromosomes during mitiosis
- Structure
- Nucleus
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