B1 - Cell Biology
- Created by: JellyBeanBears
- Created on: 14-05-18 17:17
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- Cell Biology
- Cells
- Prokaryotic
- Smaller and simpler
- E.g. bacteria
- Eukaryotic
- Complex
- Include animal and plant cells
- Animal
- Cytoplasm
- Nucleus
- Cell membrain
- Ribosomes
- Mitochrondria
- Plant
- Rigid cell wall
- Permanent vaculoe
- Chloroplasts
- Prokaryotic
- Microscopy
- Light microscope
- Use light and lenses
- Let us see individual calls and large subcellular structures
- Nuclei
- Electron microscope
- Higher magnification
- Use electrons
- Magnification = image size / real size
- Light microscope
- Differentiation and Specialisation
- Specialised call is a cell that does a specific function
- Differentiation is the process by which a cell changes to become specialised
- Sperm cells for reproduction
- Nerve cells for rapid signalling
- Root hair cells for absorbing water and minerals
- Phloem and xylem for transporting substances
- Chromosomes
- 23 pairs in each human cell
- Contain genetic information
- Found in the nucleus
- **=female XY=male
- Diffusion
- The spreading out of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
- Bigger concentration gradient = faster diffusion rate
- Osmosis
- the movement of water molecules across a partially permeable membrane from a higher water concentration to a lower water concentration
- Active Transport
- molecules move across a cell membrane from a lower to a higher concentration
- Molecules are moving against the concentration gradient and require energy
- Cells
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