Carbohydrates
- Created by: Molly Webb
- Created on: 13-04-15 11:11
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- Carbohydrates
- CnH2nOn
- Monosaccharides
- Glucose, fructose and galactose are examples
- Disaccharides
- 2 monosaccaharides joined together by a glycosidic bond
- Polysaccharides
- Thousands of alpha glucose 1-4 glycosidic bonds
- Starch Amylose +Amylopectin
- Found in starch
- Insoluble and metabolically inactive
- Does not interfere with chemical reaction inside the cell
- doesn't affect water potential
- Does not interfere with chemical reaction inside the cell
- Insoluble and metabolically inactive
- Coil around to form a long spiral
- Makes them compact so a lot of starch can be stored in one place
- Held in place by hydrogen bonds
- Amylopectin makes some branches of 1-6 which branches it
- Cellulose
- thousands of beta glucose 1-4 glycosidic bonds
- Lie straight
- Forms hydrogen bonds with its neighbour instead
- molecules all side by side
- The bundles are called FIBRILS
- These form larger bundles called FIBRES
- therefore, fibres are polysaccharides which are beta glucose molecules joined by 1-4 glycosidic bonds
- These form larger bundles called FIBRES
- The bundles are called FIBRILS
- The bundles are called FIBRILS
- These form larger bundles called FIBRES
- therefore, fibres are polysaccharides which are beta glucose molecules joined by 1-4 glycosidic bonds
- These form larger bundles called FIBRES
- molecules all side by side
- Forms hydrogen bonds with its neighbour instead
- very few animals have an enzyme to break down these bonds
- and so difficult to digest
- Lie straight
- thousands of beta glucose 1-4 glycosidic bonds
- Glycogen
- made up of alpha glucose molecules linked by 1-4 glycosidic bonds
- has branches where 1-6 glycosidic bonds are formed
- therefore not as tightly coiled as starch
- has branches where 1-6 glycosidic bonds are formed
- these stores are found in the liver and in muscles
- can be broken down to form glucose by glycogen phosphorylase
- this is activated when blood glucose levels are low
- made up of alpha glucose molecules linked by 1-4 glycosidic bonds
- Thousands of alpha glucose 1-4 glycosidic bonds
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