Biological Rhythms
- Created by: Chloewalton99
- Created on: 18-04-17 13:09
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- Biological Rhythms
- Circadian Rhythms
- Approx. 24 Hours
- Sleep-Wake Cycle
- Internal Body Clock (24-25 Hours)
- Controlled by internal factors such as:
- SCN
- Pineal Gland
- Releases Melatonin
- Siffre
- Spent several extended periods underground to study effects on CR
- Aschoff & Weaver
- 24 P's spent 4 weeks in a WWII Bunker
- Folkard et al (1985)
- 12 people lived in a dark cave for 3 weeks
- Infradian Rhythms
- 24+ Hours
- Menstrual Cycle
- Approx. 28 days for Cycle to complete
- Stern & McClintock (1998)
- 29 women with irregular periods
- Pheromones collected from 9 of the women at diff stages (from armpit)
- Rest collected from upper lip
- 68% experienced changes to Cycle
- Rest collected from upper lip
- Pheromones collected from 9 of the women at diff stages (from armpit)
- 29 women with irregular periods
- SAD
- Yearly cycle
- Depressed in winter, recover in summer
- Darkness = more Melatonin
- More Melatonin = Less Serotonin
- Low levels of Serotonin linked with depression
- More Melatonin = Less Serotonin
- Darkness = more Melatonin
- Depressed in winter, recover in summer
- Yearly cycle
- Ultradian Rhythms
- >24 Hours
- Usually 90 minute cycles
- Stages of sleep
- REM
- Associated with dreaming
- Recovery of the brain
- Brain is active
- Body is paralysed
- NREM
- Recovery of the body
- 1&2
- Light sleep
- Brain wave patterns slow down
- Light sleep
- 3&4
- Deep sleep
- Slow Wave Sleep
- Growth hormone is released
- Harder to wake someone
- Growth hormone is released
- Slow Wave Sleep
- Deep sleep
- Each stage is different and defined by diff patterns in the brain
- REM
- >24 Hours
- Endogenous Pacemakers
- Inherited mechanisms important for regulation of bio Rhythms
- SCN
- Pair of tiny clusters of nerve cells
- One half in left hemisphere in brain and one in right
- Just above where each optic nerve crosses over
- SCN obtains info on light from optic nerve even when eyes are shut
- Just above where each optic nerve crosses over
- One half in left hemisphere in brain and one in right
- Ventral
- Relatively quickly reset by external cues
- Dorsal
- Less affected by light
- Pair of tiny clusters of nerve cells
- Pineal Gland
- Located bottom of hypothalamus at base of brain
- Receives signal from SCN and releases Melatonin in relation to fading light
- Melatonin - Body's natural sedative
- M produced from Serotonin
- M reduces CNS activity, leads to feeling tired
- Light - production of Melatonin in the Gland is stopped.
- M reduces CNS activity, leads to feeling tired
- M produced from Serotonin
- Melatonin - Body's natural sedative
- Receives signal from SCN and releases Melatonin in relation to fading light
- Located bottom of hypothalamus at base of brain
- SCN
- Main pacemaker found in hypothalamus
- Biological clock
- Inherited mechanisms important for regulation of bio Rhythms
- Exogenous Zeitgebers
- External events that help control biological rhythms
- Sleep-Wake controlled by interaction of internal and external factors
- Light
- Main Zeitgebers in humans
- Reset SCN and exposure to bright light suppresses Melatonin production
- Campbell & Murphy
- Found they could entrain bio Rhythms by exposing P to light shone through back of knees
- Boivin et al
- Artificial light does have an affect
- Bright light is better for resetting CR
- Artificial light does have an affect
- Main Zeitgebers in humans
- Light
- Sleep-Wake controlled by interaction of internal and external factors
- Social Cues
- Important Zeitgebers for human CR
- External events that help control biological rhythms
- Circadian Rhythms
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