Bio 2B- part 1
- Created by: Shine.7
- Created on: 15-02-15 17:29
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- Bio 2B- part 1
- Enzymes=catalyst
- increases speed of a reaction without being changed or used up
- need: right temp and ph
- enzymes are proteins-all proteins made up of chains of amino acids
- increases speed of a reaction without being changed or used up
- Digestive enzymes: break down big molecules into smaller ones(pass through walls)
- Amylase: salivary/pancreas/small intestine
- Protease: stomach/p/si
- Lipase:pancreas/small I
- BILE: produced in live-stored:gall blader:released into small i.
- Bile:alkaline-neutralises stomach acid-emulsifies fats-giving it LSA for lipase to work-digestion is faster.
- Protease: stomach/p/si
- Amylase: salivary/pancreas/small intestine
- Respiration: releasing energy from glucose which goes in every cell
- AEROBIC:w/ oxygen
- goes on all the time/inside mitochondria
- releases energy: to build up larger molecules from smaller. Allow muscle to contract. keep body temp steady. to build up nutrients needed
- ANAEROBIC: no oxygen
- glucose-energy+lactic acid
- incomplete breakdown of glucose-lactic builds up in muscles-painful-muscle fatigue-doesnt release much energy
- Leads to OXYGEN DEBT: keep breathing hard to get more oxygen into blood to repay.
- Bloods flows to remove lactic by OXIDISING it to CO2+water
- Leads to OXYGEN DEBT: keep breathing hard to get more oxygen into blood to repay.
- incomplete breakdown of glucose-lactic builds up in muscles-painful-muscle fatigue-doesnt release much energy
- glucose-energy+lactic acid
- AEROBIC:w/ oxygen
- Enzymes and digestion
- Salivary gland Stomach Liver Pancreas Small Intestine Large intestine
- Exercise
- GLYCOGEN(glucose stored)- when exercising glucose is used rapidly and some stored glycogen is converted to provide more energy
- This increase the heart/pulse/breathing rate
- muscle cells use oxygen to release energy from glucose-to contract muscles. Increase in muscle activity= more required-more CO2 needs to be removed-blood flows faster:
- Uses of enzymes
- ADV: specific/low temp-low cost-saves energy/work for a long time/biodegradable-less envirn pollution
- DIS: allergic/denature by small increase in temp/expensive to produce/if contaminated=affects reaction
- FOOD: 'pre-digested'-easier to digest
- carbohydrate-figesting enzyme= turn starch syrup to sugar syrup
- Glucose syrup turned into Fructose(sweeter so need less of it) using ISOMERASE enzyme.
- BIOLOGICAL DETERGENTS: protein+fat digesting-break animal+plant matter=ideal for removings stains-effective at LOW temp.
- ADV: specific/low temp-low cost-saves energy/work for a long time/biodegradable-less envirn pollution
- Enzymes=catalyst
- Glucose+oxygen-Co2+water+energy
- enzymes have a unique shape-they catalyse only one reaction
- if temp too high/pH: bond holding enzyme break-denatured (37 best)
- Optimum ph is usually 7 apart from pepsin(in stomach ph2)
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