B1- Cell Structure
- Created by: liv.moz
- Created on: 12-04-22 14:26
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- B1- Cell Structure
- Cells
- Animal and plant cells
- Both EUKARYOTIC cells.
- Both have a cell membrane, cytoplasm and a nucleus
- Both have: cytoplasm, nucleus, mitochondria and a cell membrane
- ONLY plant cells have: chloroplast, vacuole and cell wall
- Both EUKARYOTIC cells.
- Single-celled organisms
- Bacteria-PROKARYOTIC cells, have no nucleus.
- Has as cell membrane, plasmids, cell wall, and cytoplasm
- BOTH have cell membrane, cytoplasm and cell wall.
- Both EUKARYOTIC cells.
- Both have a cell membrane, cytoplasm and a nucleus
- Both EUKARYOTIC cells.
- Bacteria-PROKARYOTIC cells, have no nucleus.
- Specialised Cells
- Specialised cells have components that allow them to complete a specific purpose.
- They include: red blood cells, sperm cells, eggs, nerve cells, muscle cells, ciliated cells and villi.
- Red blood cells carry oxygen around the body which is needed for respiration. They do not have a nucleus so more space for oxygen. Flat disc shape with dips on both sides- larger surface area.
- Sperm cells used for fertilisation to form an embryo. Tail moves them towards the egg. Many mitochondria release energy for movement.
- Animal and plant cells
- Magnification
- Image size= Actual size x magnification
- Converting to a SMALLER unit= multiply
- Convrting to a BIGGER unit= divide
- To calculate actual size: measure image with ruler, convert length to micrometers and use calculation
- 1000 micrometers in a milimetre.
- Calculating OVERALL magnification: mag.of eyepiece lens MULTIPLIED mag. of objective lens
- 1 x 10-1=0.1 1 x 10-2=0.01 etc.
- Differentiation
- Process by which a cell turns into a specialised cell
- Once it has become differentiated it only expresses the genes that produce the proteins characteristic for that type of cell
- Animal cells differentiate at an early stage, whereas plant cells can differentiate throughout life
- Process by which a cell turns into a specialised cell
- Magnification and resolution
- Magnification is the ability to make small objects seem larger.
- Resolution is the ability to distinguish 2 objects from each other.
- Light microscopes magnify up to about x2000 and have a resolving power of about 200nm
- Electron microscopes magnify up to x1M and have a resolving power of 0.2nm.
- Cells
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