Attachment figues

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  • Attachment Figures
    • Parent - infant interactions
      • Mother-infant
        • Schaffer and Emerson (1964) found that majority of babies did become attached to their mother
          • Within a few months formed a secondary attachments to other family members, including father
            • 75% of infants formed a attachment to their father by 18 months
    • Multiple attachments and The role of the father
      • Schaffer and Emerson
        • Observational Study
          • Showed how babies form multiple attachments around the age of 10 to 11 months
        • 18 months - 13% single attachment, 31% 5 or more attachments
      • Fathers behavioural style is different to mothers
        • play rather than caretaking behaviours
          • Encourage them to take risks
      • 3 dimensions
        • Interaction - how the father engages with the infant (quantity)
        • Accessibility - how physically and emotionally accessible he is (quality)
        • Responsibility - the extent to which he takes on 'caretaking' tasks
    • Fathers as primary carers
      • Adopt behaviours more like mothers
      • Tiffany Field (1978)
        • Filmed 4 month old babies
          • Face to face interaction, PCG mother anf father, SCG father
            • PCG father spend more time with infants then SCG fathers
      • Level of response not the gender
    • A03
      • Inconsistent findings on fathers
        • Cannot easily answer a simple question the layperson often asks: what is the role of the father
      • If fathers have a distinct role why aren't children without fathers diferent?
        • Grossman - secondary father is important
          • Fathers role as secondary is not important
        • MacCallum and Golobok 2004 - single or some sex parents d not develop any differently
          • Fathers role as secondary is not important
      • Why don't fathers become PCG?
        • Traditional gender roles

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