Attachment 

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  • Created by: 12dellm
  • Created on: 06-01-16 19:40
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  • Attachment
    • Caregiver-Infant Interactions
      • Reciprocity - Jaffe like conversation
      • Interactional synchrony - coordinated behaviour
      • Meltzoff & Moore - 3 day old infants imitate
      • Piaget - behaviour is pseudo information
      • AO3 Testing is difficult / individual differences / failure to replicate
    • Animal Studies: Imprinting
      • Harlow's Monkeys
        • Long-Lasting Effects
          • Animal Studies: Imprinting
            • Harlow's Monkeys
              • Long-Lasting Effects
      • Strange Situation - Ainsworth
        • observation every 15 seconds of behaviours
        • B secure /  A insecure avoidant /  C insecure resistant
        • AO3
          • type D disorganised
          • high reliability 9.4
          • RWA
          • low internal validity
      • Cultural Variations - Van IJzendoorn & Kroonberg
        • meta- analysis of 32 studies from 8 different studies
        • findings: secure was the norm more difference within countries
        • Tronick Efe infants CS
        • CD - Grossmann x2 more type A in German Sample
        • AO3 Global culture / culture bias / indigenous theories / cross - cultural research
      • Learning Theory
        • Operant Conditioning - reinforcement
          • reduction of discomfort created by hunger. Food is first reinforce, mother is second
            • AO3
              • Pavlov - Dog - Bell - Food
              • Animal studies
              • Bowlby's theory
              • Drive reduction
              • Explains attention & responsiveness
              • Attachment is not based food
        • Classical Conditioning - association
          • new conditioned respnse learned through association between a neutral stimlus & an unconditioned stimulus
            • Pavlov - Dog - Bell - Food
        • Learning Theory
          • All behavior are learned rather than inherited
      • Bowlby's Monotropic Theory
        • critical period
        • Primary attachment figure
        • Social Releasers
        • Monotropy
        • Internal working model
        • AO3 Adaptive / sensitive period / multiple attachments / continuity hypothesis
      • Bolwby's Maternal Deprivation
        • Value of maternal care
        • critical period 2
        • 44 juvenile thieves 86% of affectionless thieves were seperated
        • Long term consequences
        • AO3
          • deprivation vs privation / loss of care or lack
          • individual differences
          • RWA
          • Emotional separation is more harmful
      • Influence of Early Attachment
        • Internal working model
        • Hazan and Shaver love quiz in newspaper received 620 responses
        • positive relationship between attachment type and love experiences and attitude
        • Behavior influenced by internal working model
        • Untitled
      • Romanian Orphans
        • Rutter et al 165 romanian orphans had development tested at regular intervals
        • Findings: age 11 adopted before 6 months recovered well any older this decreased.
        • effects: underdevelopment and disinhibited attachment
        • Zeanah: compared to control group disinhibited attachment
        • Canadian study: physically smaller when adopted but able to recover
        • AO3 Individual differences / RWA / longitudinal studies / only slows down development / deprivation is only one facotr
      • Development of Attachment - Schaffer & Emerson
        • Discriminate Attachments
        • Specifc attachments
        • Beginnings of Attachment
        • Indiscriminate attachments
        • Role of the Father - secondary attachments
        • Biological Factors
        • AO3 Unreliable data / biased sample / Multiple attachments / cultural variations / too inflexible

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