Arenes
- Created by: Anjuli.pxtel
- Created on: 11-05-21 16:09
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- Arenes
- Hydrogen cyanide
- Reacts with carbonyl compounds to produce hydroxynitriles
- Nucleophilic addition
- Weak acid, partially dissociates
- CN- attacks slightly positive carbon atom and donates a pair of electrons to it
- Both electrons form the double bond transfer to the oxygen
- Test for aldehydes
- Tollens' reagent
- Colourless solution of silver nitrate dissolved in aqueous ammonia
- Heated in test tube wit aldehyde, silver mirror forms
- Colourless solution of silver nitrate dissolved in aqueous ammonia
- Fehling's solution
- Blue solution of complex Copper(II) ions dissolved in sodium hydroxide
- Heated with aldehyde the copper(II) ions are reduced to brick-red precipitate of copper(I) oxide
- Blue solution of complex Copper(II) ions dissolved in sodium hydroxide
- Benedict's solution
- Blue solution of complex copper(II) ions dissolved in sodium carbonate
- Heated with aldehyde, copper(II) ions are reduced to brick-red precipitate of copper(I) oxide
- Acidified dichromate(VI) ions
- heat aldehyde with acidified dichromate(VI) ions get carboxylic acid
- Oxidising agent
- Solution turns orange to green
- Tollens' reagent
- Test for carbonyl groups
- 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine dissolved in methanol and concentratedsulfuric acid
- Reacts to form bright, orange precipitate
- C=O groups only tests for aldehydes and ketones
- Methyl carbonyl group reacts when heated with iodine in the presence of an alkaline
- Methyl carbonyl groups are present, yellow precipitate of triiodomethane (CHI3) and antiseptic smell forms
- 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine dissolved in methanol and concentratedsulfuric acid
- Hydrogen cyanide
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