AQA A-level Sociology Education Topic 1
- Created by: emma_smithy3
- Created on: 24-11-19 10:31
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- Topic 1- external factors in class achievement
- Cultural deprivation
- Speech codes Bernstein
- Elaborated- used by MC. Wider vocabulary, communicate abstract ideas, context free. Often used by teachers and in textbooks
- Restricted- used by WC. Limited vocabulary, predictable, context bond
- Parents education Douglas
- Use of income
- Young and Bernstein
- WC home likely to lack such resources
- MC mothers more likely to buy educational toys, books and activities encouraging reasoning skills
- Young and Bernstein
- Parenting style
- Highly educated parents will show consistent discipline and high expectations
- Less educated parents show harsh or inconsistent discipline, resulting in prevention of self-control
- Use of income
- Working class subculture Sugarman
- 4 key features
- Collectivism
- value being part of a group
- Present-time orientation
- present more important than future
- Immediate gratification
- seeking gratification now rather making sacrifices
- Fatalism
- belief in fate, nothing can be done to change status
- Collectivism
- Compensatory education
- Aim to tackle cultural deprivation
- Operation Head Start in USA included improving parenting skills, setting up nursery classes and home visits by educational psychologists
- Aim to tackle cultural deprivation
- 4 key features
- Children lacking cultural equipment needed to do well at school
- Speech codes Bernstein
- Cultural capital
- Educational and economic capital
- MC children can attend private schools and receive extra tuition
- Leech and Campo's: Coventry study showed MC parents more likely to buy house in catchment area of highly placed schools in league tables
- Culutural capital
- Knowledge, attitudes, values, language, tastes and abilities of MC
- WC finds school devalues their culture-lead to exam failure
- A test of Bourdieu's ideas
- Sullivan: used questionnaires on 465 pupils in 4 schools, assessing cultural capital. Found those reading complex fiction and watched serious TV documentaries developed wider vocabulary
- She found greater resources and aspirations of MC families explain remainder gap in achievement
- Sullivan: used questionnaires on 465 pupils in 4 schools, assessing cultural capital. Found those reading complex fiction and watched serious TV documentaries developed wider vocabulary
- Educational and economic capital
- Material deprivation
- Diet and health
- Howard: young people from poorer homes has lower intakes of energy, vitamins and minerals, weakening their immune system
- Housing
- Overcrowding can make it harder for children to revise. Lack of room for educational activities, nowhere to do homework
- Fear of debt
- Jackson and Callender: found attitude to debt was important when deciding to go to university for WC students
- Financial support and costs of education
- Tanner: found cost of transport, uniforms, books, computers, calculators, sport, music and art equipment, places a heavy burden on poor families
- refers to poverty and lack of material necessities
- Diet and health
- Cultural deprivation
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