Approaches
- Created by: __Jess
- Created on: 21-11-22 19:28
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- Approaches
- Cognitive
- Basic principles
- Studies mental processes which cannot be observed
- Mental processes are inferred from behaviour
- Schemas
- Knowledge from experience
- Babies are born with simple innate schemas, which develop as they age
- Allows for faster information processing without overstimulation from environment
- Knowledge from experience
- Theoretical and computer models
- Information processing approach
- Input, storage and retrieval (multi-store model)
- Information processing approach
- Strengths
- Lab studies
- High control
- Real world application
- Lab studies
- Weaknesses
- Lab studies
- Lacks mundane realism
- Machine reductionism
- Lab studies
- Basic principles
- Biological
- Neurochemical explanation
- An imbalance of neurochemicals causes mental disorders
- Genetic explanation
- Psychological characteristics are inherited
- This is studied by looking at the concordance rates of twin studies
- Psychological characteristics are inherited
- Genotype
- Actual genetic make-up
- Phenotype
- The way that genes are expressed through physical, behavioural and psychological characteristics
- Evolution
- Natural selection means the strongest characteristics survive
- Weaknesses
- Strengths
- Real world application
- Uses scientific method
- Objective and reliable data
- Biological determinism
- Reductionist
- Strengths
- Neurochemical explanation
- Psychodynamic
- Structure of personality
- Id
- Operates on the pleasure principle
- Ego
- Operates on the reality principle
- Uses defence mechanisms to balance id and superego
- Operates on the reality principle
- Superego
- Operates on the morality principle
- Id
- Psychosexual stages
- Age 0-1
- Oral stage
- Age 1-3
- Anal stage
- Age 3-6
- Phallic stage
- 6 to puberty
- Latency stage
- Puberty +
- Genital stage
- Age 0-1
- Strengths
- Real world application
- Positive impact on psychology at the time
- Weaknesses
- Untestable concepts
- Structure of personality
- Cognitive
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