Adrenalin: endocrine

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  • Adrenelin
    • Derivative of amino acid
      • It causes an effect without entering the cell
      • Unable to enter the target cell
        • It causes an effect without entering the cell
    • The adrenal gland is divided into two
      • Adrenal Medulla
        • The centre of the gland
        • Releases hormone in response to shock
        • Prepares body for action...
          • Affects Heart Rate, increases stroke volume of the heart, Relaxes smooth muscle, inhibits gut action, dilates pupils, erects body hair, stimulates conversion of glycogen to glucose, increases mental awareness, vasoconstriction to raise blood pressure.
      • Adrenal Cortex
        • Uses cholesterol to produce steroid hormones
        • E.g. Aldosterone controls the concentration of Sodium and Potassium in the blood.
        • E.g. Cortisol controls the metabolism of carbohydrates and proteins in the liver
          • Uses cholesterol to produce steroid hormones
          • E.g. Aldosterone controls the concentration of Sodium and Potassium in the blood.
    • Adrenalin molecule binds to the complementary shape of the adrenalin receptor on the cell surface membrane
      • Adrenaline-receptor complex is formed
      • Known as the first messenger
        • Binds to the receptor activating adrenyl cyclase
          • This converts ATP to cyclic AMP
            • Cyclic AMP is the second messenger which causes the effect inside the cell
    • Affects how you deal with stress
      • E.g. Cortisol controls the metabolism of carbohydrates and proteins in the liver
      • Found anterior of the kidneys on either side of the body

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