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What do exothermic reactions do?
Give out heat energy.
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What do endothermic reactions do?
Take in heat energy.
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What happens to the temperature in exothermic reactions?
The temperature goes up.
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What happens to the temperature in endothermic reactions?
The temperature goes down.
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What happens if a reversible reaction is exothermic in one direction?
It is endothermic in the other direction, but the same amount of energy is transferred in each case.
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A + B .................... C + B A + B is exothermic, what is C + B ?
Endothermic.
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What is combustion? Is it exothermic or endothermic?
Combustion is the process of burning something. It is exothermic because the temperature goes up.
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What is oxidation? Is it exothermic or endothermic?
Oxidation is the process of reacting something with oxygen. It is exothermic because the temperature goes up.
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What is thermal decomposition? Is it exothermic or endothermic?
Thermal decomposition is the process of breaking something down with heat. It is endothermic because the temperature goes down.
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What is a salt?
A salt is any compound formed by the neutralisation of an acid by a base.
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What is an example of a salt?
Copper sulphate.
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What is a base?
A base is a compound that neutralises an acid.
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How are salts named?
The name of a salt has two parts. The first part comes from the metal, metal oxide or metal carbonate. The second part comes from the acid.
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What are the three main acids when making salts?
Nitric acid, hydrochloric acid and sulphuric acid.
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Sodium hydroxide reacts with hydrochloric acid. What is the name of the salt made?
Sodium chloride + water
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Sodium hydroxide reacts with sulphuric acid. What is the name of the salt made?
Sodium sulphate + water
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Zinc oxide reacts nitric acid. What is the name of the salt made?
Zinc nitrate + water
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When does ammonia form?
When ammonium salts react with acids.
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Ammonia reacts with hydrochloric acid. What is the name of the salt made?
Ammonium chloride.
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How is an insoluble salt made?
To make an insoluble salt, two soluble salts need to react together in a precipitation reaction.
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What does insoluble mean?
Doesn't dissolve in water.
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Give four ways of making salts.
1. Use an insoluble base, (metal oxide or carbonate). 2. React a metal with an acid. 3. Titration, (use an indicator to see when the acid has been neutralised). 4. React ammonia with acid.
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Which method is ok to use for all metals in the reactivity series?
Using an insoluble base.
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Why is reacting a metal with acid a too dangerous method of making salt with potassium and sodium?
It is too dangerous because they are too reactive.
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Why won't reacting a metal with an acid work to make salt with gold and platinum?
It won't work because they aren't reactive enough.
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Which method of making salts is safe to use with reactive metals?
Titration.
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What is the word equation for making salt with an insoluble base?
Metal oxide + acid acid -> salt + water
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What the word equation for making salt by reaction ,metal with acid?
Metal + acid -> salt + hydrogen
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What is the word equation for making salt by titration?
Metal hydroxide + acid -> salt + water
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What is the word equation for making salt with ammonia?
Ammonia + acid -> ammonium salt
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What happens when ammonia is put in water?
It dissolves to make an alkali.
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What are ammonium salts used for?
Fertilisers.
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What is the pH scale?
A measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution.
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What number on the pH scale is neutral?
pH7
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What section of the pH scale are acids?
All pH's under pH7
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What section of the pH scale are alkali?
All pH's above pH7
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What letter do acid formulas always begin with?
H
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What type of ions make solutions acidic?
Hydrogen ions.
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What type of ions make solution alkaline?
Hydroxide ions.
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What happens in neutralisation reactions?
Hydrogen ions react with hydroxide ions to make water.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What do endothermic reactions do?

Back

Take in heat energy.

Card 3

Front

What happens to the temperature in exothermic reactions?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What happens to the temperature in endothermic reactions?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What happens if a reversible reaction is exothermic in one direction?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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