High frequency, short wavelength electromagnetic waves
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How are x-rays transmitted? What are x-rays absorbed by?
Transmitted by (pass through) healthy tissue. Absorbed by denser materials such as bones and metal.
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X-ray photographs can be used to diagnose what?
Bone fractures and dental problems.
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How can x-rays be formed electronically?
Can be formed electronically using charge-coupled devices (CCDs)
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What are charge-coupled devices?
Silicon chips about the size of a postage stamp, divided up into a grid of millions of identical pixels. They detect x-rays and produce electronic signals which are used to form high resolution images. The same technology is used in digital cameras.
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What are CT Scans?
Computerised axial tomography (CT) scans use x-rays to produce high resolution images of soft and hard tissue.
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Why do CT scans use lots of x-rays (more than normal x-ray photographs)?
To distinguish between the tiny variations in tissue density.
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X-rays can also be used to treat what?
Cancer
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X-rays can cause ionisation. What is this?
High does of x-rays which will kill living cells. This will help treat cancer. However, x-rays have to be carefully focused and at just the right dosage to kill the cancer cells without damaging too many healthy cells.
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Radiographers who work with x-ray machines or CT scanners need to take precautions to minimise their x-ray dose. How do they do this?
They wear lead aprons, stand behind a lead screen, or leave the room.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What is the frequency and wavelength of an x-ray?
Back
High frequency, short wavelength electromagnetic waves
Card 3
Front
How are x-rays transmitted? What are x-rays absorbed by?
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