Wyatt's Rebellion

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  • Created by: TessAni
  • Created on: 15-04-13 11:26
How did the House of Commons react to Mary's plans?
16th November 1553 the House of Commons petitioned Queen Mary to marry within the realm. They wanted her to marry Edward Courtenay heir to the earldom of Devon and great-grandson of Edward IV
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Who did Mary wish to marry?
Philip of Spain a catholic
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What conspiracy formed?
to persuade Elizabeth to marry Courtenay and place her on the throne instead of Mary
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Who were the leading conspirators?
William Thomas, Sir James Croft, Sir Peter Carew, Sir Thomas Wyatt - the three knioghts had also served Henry VIII in his French campaigns in the 1540s
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Who was William Thomas?
A former clerk of the council to Edward VI
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Who was Sir James Croft?
Lord Deputy of Ireland 1551-2
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Who was Sir Peter Carew?
acted for Somerset in Western Rebellion 1549, sat in Edward IV’s parliament in 1553 and had close personal and family links to the Courtenays
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Who was Sir Thomas Wyatt?
He was a member of English council in France
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When was the rising planned for?
It was planned for Palm Sunday, 18th March 1554, just before Philip was due to start for England
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What foreign involvement was there?
The French (who had also been involved in Lady Jane Grey plot) were to provide naval support in the Channel and secure the south-western ports against the Spanish
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What was the plan?
Wyatt would hold the south-east against imperialist intervention from the Netherlands. A fourfold rising consisting of Croft from Herefordshire, Carew from Devon, Wyatt from Kent and the Duke of Suffolk from Leicestershire would converge on London
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What were problems with rising?
It depended on secrecy and enthusiasm of the commons; it was midwinter and there was no economic crisis with prices being steady
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When did the plot leak? Who told the Queen about it?
Early January; Simon Renard, the imperial ambassador and leader of the Spanish faction knew of it and told the Queen what he knew also Courtenay through Gardiner the Lord Chancellor
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How did Carew respond?
He was summoned to appear before the Council but fled
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How did Wyatt react?
He left London on 21st January
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What happened to Croft?
Croft caught out by the speed with which events had moved, never attempted to raise Herefordshire
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What happened to the DUke of Suffolk?
He found little support at Leicester or Coventry. He gave up and went into hiding only to be arrested two days later by the Earl of Huntingdon and escorted to London by 300 horses. Suffolk only managed to raise around 140 men
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What happened to Carew?
His managed to gain support from a few minor Protestant gentry; he was unpopular due to his actions in 1549; Carew's servants took a wagon-load of armour through Exeter to defend his manor at Mohun's Ottery, near Honitun
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Who was prepared to defend the area?
The sherrif Sir Thomas Denys who prepared Exeter for attack?
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How did Carew respond?
He became convinced he was about to be arrested and on 25th January abandoned the rising and sailed for the safety of Normandy
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How did Wyatt first react?
He arrived home at Allington Castle, near Maidstone, on 19th January, he spent the next few days coordinating his plans with the small group of trusted friends
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How did Mary respond?
they sent a herald to Wyatt for negotiations but he dismissed him
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How did Wyatt react then?
25th Jan he raised his standard and proclamation were issued there before setting up headquarters in Richester
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How many rebels did he gather in Rochester?
27th January he had collected a force of around 2,000 with further forces in Tonbridge and Sevenoaks
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How did Wyatt gain support?
anti-Spanish propaganda with danger as the main theme; showed himself to be a rescuer of the Queen from the foolish advice; concealed his plan to remove the queen from the majority
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Who attempted to stop Wyatt?
Sir Robert Southwell, the sheriff and Lord Bergavenny; 28th Jan they took up position at Malling with about 600 men
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Who did they wish to intercept?
Sir Henry Isley who set out from Sevenoaks to join Wyatt with around 500 men
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What happened when they met?
They met at Wrotham and Isley’s men fled after a skirmish leaving 60 prisoners
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Who else was involved in stopping Wyatt?
Duke of Norfolk plus 500 Whitecoats arrived at Gravesend, he was over 80; Lord Cobham and 300 loyalists
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What did Cobham warn Norfolk?
That the whitecoats weren't loyal (the Londoners)
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How did the whitecoats react?
Norfolk was left deserted according to a prearranged plan
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How did Wyatt react next?
He seized some of the queen’s ships and canon and his forces had grown to 3,000
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Where did he go next?
30 Jan left Rochester and wasted time assaulting Cobham at Cooling Castle (although he was captured).
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How did Mary react?
31st a pardon offer was repeated and offered a committee to discuss grievances arising out of the marriage settlement
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Where did Wyatt delay? What did he demand?
Blackheath; he demanded the custody of the Queen and Tower of London so peace was now out of the question
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How did Mary react and who was raising forces?
Mary appealed to her citizen’s hearts and cheers and demonstrations followed her speech at the Guildhall. The Earl of Pembroke at the same time was raising troops.
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Where at London to Wyatt arrive and when? What happened there?
Wyatt arrived at Southwark on 3 February with London now well-guarded so London Bridge held against the rebels. They waited 3 days
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Where did the loot?
The Bishop of Winchester's palace
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Where did they march next?
Kingston-on-Thames
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Why were they delayed there?
A carriage of one of the guns broke
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Where did they arrive next? When?
7th February they arrived at Knightsbridge
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Who attacked them first? Where?
Lord Clinton's cavalry successfully attacked the main body of the rebel army at St Jame’s Fields
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Where did they go? Who attacked them next?
Charing Cross; Sir John Gage fired at them with nearly 1000 troops; Londoners came out to defend the city
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Why did Pembroke delay attack? Where did Wyatt go next?
There was still considerable support for Wyatt; Ludgate
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How did it end?
The gate closed (he knew he was defeated); The rebel leader soon surrendered and the small band of 300 put up little resistance with 40 killed.
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Who disagreed over the treatment?
Mary overestimated what it meant regarding loyalty; Gardiner wanted them burnt as heretic; Philip opposed this; Renard wanted the removal of Elizabeth and Courtney
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What happened to Elizabeth?
She was imprisoned but no evidence was found against her?
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Which faction gained influence?
Lord Paget's - advocated leniency
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What happened to the rebels?
A number of conspirators were charged but only two brought to trial with one pardoned and other acquitted; end of Feb 480 had been convicted pardoned/imprisoned for a time
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How many executions took place in Kent? London?
30/250 in Kent (8/9 being gentry); 45/76 in London
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Who else was executed?
Duke of Suffolk; Lady Jane Grey; Lord Guilford Dudley and Wyatt on 11 April
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Who did Mary wish to marry?

Back

Philip of Spain a catholic

Card 3

Front

What conspiracy formed?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Who were the leading conspirators?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Who was William Thomas?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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