world music

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raga
loads for different times/seasons. series of 5-8 notes
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master student tradition (raga)
teacher teaches student everything they know. nothing is ever written down.
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tambura (raga)
backing/drone. guitar like instrument. (4-6 strings)
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bansuri (raga)
flute type instrument for melody. wooden.
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shuddh, tivra, komal (raga)
natural, sharp, flat
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1- alaap (raga)
there is no pulse or timing. no tabla or tala. sitar and tambura. improvises around the scale in free time.
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2- jhor (raga)
music speeds up a bit. just sitar and tambura. melody takes on a steady beat. music gets more rhythmic.
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3- jhala (raga)
loads faster. feels a lot more exciting
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4- gat / bandish (raga)
tabla player comes in. gat is for instruments. bandish is for song. musical ideas are passed around in call and response. sometimes there are 2 gats, fast and slow.
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the chaal (bhangra)
an eight note repeated pattern . quavers are swung like in the blues.
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bhangra
northern punjab region of india, merged with uk in (70's/80's). used for celebrations. lots of music tech used. singing is important in bhangra.
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rebtiko (greek)
political song composed by the working class
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toubeleki (greek)
hand drum shaped like a goblet. plays the rhythm. in palastinian its called a doumbek
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syrtos, kalamatianos and zeibekiko (greek)
a rhythm popular in festivals and weddings. s- 8 quavers divided into 3-3-2 pattern 4/4 time. k- best known dance. follows 3-2-2 pattern in 7/8. z- improvised dance for one person. 9/8 with beats 2-2-2-3
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bouzouki (greek)
3 or 4 pairs of strings. always used with a plectrum
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greek
uses modes like most other folk music. intended to dance to. steps match rhythm of music. lyrics tell stories for celebration to war. mostly uses strings woodwind and percussion. clarinet, violin, and guitar are used.
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laouto (greek)
greek type of lute. this instrument is seen across Europe in different variations.
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outi (greek)
a shorter necked version of the laouto. it is called an oud in palastinian music.
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lyra (greek)
only has 3 strings and played with bow
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floyera (greek)
wooden flute
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karamoudza (greek)
double reeded instrument like an oboe
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daouli (greek)
drum with 2 heads
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dhol (bhangra)
plays rhythm. sometimes replaced with a drum machine as music tech is used a lot in bhangra
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defi (greek)
tambourine
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Palestinian
influences from most arab regions. it is monophonic (sometimes develops to be heterophonic) and has little harmony.
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maqamat (palastinian)
the scale used. it uses microtones
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heterophonic
4 but sounds like 3
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4 main ornaments
turn, grace note, trill, glissando
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zither and kanun (palastinian)
lots of strings. plucked melody. a kanun is bigger
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rababah (palastinian)
only 1 or 2 strings. played with a bow
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mijwiz (palastinian)
clarinet with 2 pipes
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zills and riq (palastinian)
z- finger cymbals. r- tambourine
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israeli
influences from usa, Africa, Middle East, and jews. 20's-60's = growing diversity. uses syncopated rhythms and minor keys with modal scales. songs about occasions
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temani (israeli)
dance influenced by Yemen culture.
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israeli 2
its mainly homophonic. its instruments simulate laughing/ crying. uses strings and cimbalom (piano thing)
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african
singing is important. often accapella. used like church bells, sends messengers. used at occasions and accompanied by singing and dancing.
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djembe (African)
single headed drum. the bigger the louder.
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donno (African)
talking drum. its got strings on the sides which can be squeezed to change the pitch. its a regional thing; like an accent.
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sabar (African)
usually played lots of these in different sizes as an ensemble played with a mix of hand and stick.
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3 ways to play the drum
you can dampen the drum by resting the other hand on the skin. bass- cupped hand, centre of drum. tone, closed fingers, edge of drum, no palm. slap- fingers apart, slapping the edge of the drum skin in a quick motion.
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balafon and kora (African)
b- wooden xylophone. k- plucked and has 21 strings.
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master drummer (African)
leader of ensemble. conduct by giving signals with the guitar. call and response. not written down.
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rhythmic cycles (African)
different rhythms. lap each other at different points. pulse is often hard to follow. cross rhythm. polyrhythm and syncopation.
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2 types of a capella (African)
mbube - loud and powerful. isicathamiya- soft and gentle. tip toeing dance. uses call and response with harmony
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samba
from South America, Brazil. its dance music that is influenced by slaves. fast tempo and major. samba schools are large ensembles
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samba instruments
mostly percussion. trumpets, tumbles, saxophones, Portuguese guitar
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surdo (samba)
bass drum that is huge. it has 3 types- low medium and high. 1 and 2 work together
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cuica (samba)
drum played by rubbing the skin with a cloth using pressure to change the pitch.
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repique (samba)
played with drum sticks. leads call and response
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caxia and tambourim (samba)
c- snare drum. fast grooves that drive the band. t- complicated rhythms, tuned high.
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calypso
music from the carribean. mainly from Trinidad. influences from Venezuela and South America. influence from Spain, uk and France when it was ruled by them. slaves brought over and made songs with lyrics the slave owners couldn't understand.
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textures of calypso
in 2 or 4 time. lots of syncopation. verse, chorus texture. strophic. homo/polyphonic. counter melodies. music tech is used.
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calypso instruments
guitars, trumpets, trombones, clarinets, saxophone, congas, claves, maracas, wood blocks.
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types of calypso
rapso- lyrics about social issues. uses synthesisers. soca- faster than traditional and became popular to dance to.
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steel pans (calypso)
the dents make the notes. the deeper the lower. the soprano dum uses all the notes but the other pitches only uses some. to play chords 2 sticks in each hand is uses. can play temples to sustain notes. plays trills.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

teacher teaches student everything they know. nothing is ever written down.

Back

master student tradition (raga)

Card 3

Front

backing/drone. guitar like instrument. (4-6 strings)

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

flute type instrument for melody. wooden.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

natural, sharp, flat

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

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