What's in a Medicine 13.7 Aldehydes and Ketones 3.0 / 5 based on 1 rating ? ChemistryAcids, bases and saltsFunctional GroupsA2/A-levelOCR Created by: EmilyCreated on: 15-01-13 10:25 What functional group do aldehydes and ketones contain? What differs about the positioning of it between these series? Carbonyl. Aldehyde – carbonyl at end of chain, ketone – carbonyl group inside chain 1 of 12 Why are many of the reactions of aldehydes and ketones similar? What makes some different? Similar – both contain carbonyl functional group 2 of 12 Ketones with ____ or more carbon atoms have structural isomers Five 3 of 12 How do you prepare aldehydes? Oxidation of secondary alcohols with acidified potassium dichromate (VI) by distillation 4 of 12 How do you prepare ketones? Oxidation of secondary alcohols with acidified potassium dichromate (VI) by reflux 5 of 12 What is Fehling’s reagent? A deep-blue, alkaline solution which differentiates between aldehydes and ketones 6 of 12 What is Fehling’s test? Aldehydes can be oxidised by Cu2+ while ketones cannot. The compound Cu2O is formed, which is a reddish precipitate 7 of 12 What does the reduction of aldehydes produce? Alcohols 8 of 12 What catalyst is needed in the reduction of aldehydes ? A powerful agent is needed, usually sodium tetrahydridoborate (III) (NABH4) 9 of 12 What happens when hydrogen cyanide (HCN) is added to aldehydes? Hydroxynitriles/cyanohydrins are formed 10 of 12 When hydrogen cyanide (HCN) is added to aldehydes, what type of reaction is this? Nucleophilic addition 11 of 12 What are nucleophiles and electrophiles? N = negatively charged molecule that reacts with positively charged (or partially positive) atoms. Has lone pair(s) of electrons to donate. 12 of 12
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