Sieves separate small and large things e.g. flour and rice. Some things you can't separate using a sieve such as flour and sugar. Filtering - e.g. sand and water, the sand stays behind in the filter paper while the water passes through.
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Magnetism
Magnetism - If you have iron and aliminium shavings mixed together you can separate them using a magnet. The iron would attract to the magnet but the aluminium would stay.
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Evaporation
Evaporation - with a solution of water and salt, the water evaporates over time which would leave the salt behind.
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Distillation
Distillation - The salty water is heated in a beaker, then it turns to steam and rises up through the tube. In the tube there is cold water that cools the steam down. It comes out as clean water with no salt in.
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What factors speed up dissolving?
Heat, stir. A saturated solution is when there is not enough solvent to dissolve any more substance.
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Why can magnets only be used to separate certain metals? Ferromagnetic metals
Ferromagnetic metals such as iron, nickel, cobalt, gadolinium and dysprosium are strongly attracted to magnets.
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Why can magnets only be used to separate certain metals? Paramagnetic metals
Paramagnetic metals such as copper, aluminium are also attracted by a magnetic field, but the force is about a million times weaker.
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Why can magnets only be used to separate certain metals? Diamagnetic metals
Diamagnetic metals respond to magnets by making an different magnetic field, carbon graphite, gold, silver, lead and bismuth are all diamagnetic.
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Why is the sea salty?
Wherever water comes into contact with the rocks, on land or in the ocean some of the minerals in the rock dissolve and are carried by the water to the ocean. The amount of salt in seawater does not change because new minerals are forming on the bed.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Magnetism
Back
Magnetism - If you have iron and aliminium shavings mixed together you can separate them using a magnet. The iron would attract to the magnet but the aluminium would stay.
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