Why did people go on the First Crusade?

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  • Created by: Emilia1
  • Created on: 02-06-17 11:28
What four reasons did people go on crusade?
economic, spiritual, political and social
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What did 'Gesta Francorum' mention as a reason to why people went on crusade for economic reasons?
canon law for soldiers to receive a fair wage and to take booty
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What was passed down the line at Dorylaeum which supported economic reasons for why people went on crusade?
'Stand fast all together, trusting in Christ and the victory of the Holy Cross. Today, please God, you will all gain much booty'
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What was the 'second son theory'?
It was the second sons who went on crusade as they would not inherit their fathers lands and so hoped to gain land and wealth in the East (Bohemond of Taranto)
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How did historians who lived through Europe's fight for empire see the crusade?
As Europe's first colonial wars- Europe's population soared during the 10th century so there was a need for more land
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Why did Godfrey of Bouillon take the cross for economic reasons?
His title as Duke of Lower Lorraine was unable to assert real authority over the region so he looked for a new life in the Holy Land
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Who emerged from relative obscurity to become a leading member of the Crusade?
Baldwin of Boulogne who took Edessa and later became King of Jerusalem
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What was mentioned in Urban's speech that support the view that people went for economic reasons?
Inducement of land and profit
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Why was there a material advantage to going on crusade?
there was a need for a group of men to settle in the Holy Land after it had been captured
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What are the arguments against economic reasons?
-sell virtually all possessions, Robert of Normandy mortgaged his duchy to his brother, few stayed in the Holy Land, sold freeholds and settle property disputes to disadvantage
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What reason does Peter the Hermit and him inspiring 15,000 to take the cross support?
social reasons
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Apart from Peter the Hermit what other social reasons were there that made people go on crusade?
-fear of getting left behind, public rallies where audiences were bombarded with emotive rhetoric prompted fevered recruitment
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How did some take initiation rituals to extreme?
branded flesh with crosses, inscribing body or clothing with blood
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Why did people go for spiritual reasons?
-defence of Christ's patrimony, crusading vow to go to J, penitential act, women, children elderly joined, sewed cross to clothing, Urban called on people to don cross of the pilgrim
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What documents were there that supports the view that people went on crusade for spiritual reasons?
Charters state crusaders went to free J and win forgiveness of sins and legal documents putting Crusader's affairs in order before departing for J
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Why was Bertrand of Moncontour an example of someone going on crusade for spiritual reasons?
He was so inspired he gave up his lands he was illegally withholding from a monastery as the crusade could not benefit him while he held these 'proceeds of theft'
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Why was Godfrey of Bouillon an example as to why people went on crusade for spiritual reasons?
He changed sides from the German Empire to serve the Pope and God
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Why was Raymond of Toulouse an example of people going on crusade for religious reasons?
He wanted to die in the Holy land
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What was the belief of the duty of the nobility?
That they ha been blessed by God so to return the fruits of that blessing to God's people and the Church and the crusade was another way to do this
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What argument is there against the documents provided a reliable source as to why people went on crusade?
the descriptions of acts of dedications almost always provided by Churchmen
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Why did Phillips believe that it was political reasons which made people go on crusade?
They wanted to liberate fellow Christians from Muslim infidel as Urban had exaggerated the reports of atrocities to 'prompt people to such a drastic course of action'
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What would happen if the nobility went on crusade?
Retinues of knights and infantry would follow, intricate webs of familial ties and feudal obligations bound people in a common cause
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Name the six most important leaders of the First Crusade
Bohemond of Taranto, Stephen of Blois, Raymond of Toulouse, Adhemar Le Puy, Godfrey of Boullion, Hugh of Vermondois
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Why did Hugh of Vermondois go on crusade?
To show his brother's (King Phillip of France) loyalty to the Pope after a dispute over Philip's adultery
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Why did Bohemond of Taranto go on crusade?
He was the son of Robert Guiscard but would not inherit any of his lands as they all went to his half brother Roger Borsa- he also did not participate in the capture of Jerusalem
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Why did Stephen of Blois go on crusade?
He was devoted to his religious wife Adeia and may have joined the crusade to please her, charters record his prayers that God should return him safely to his wife
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What did 'Gesta Francorum' mention as a reason to why people went on crusade for economic reasons?

Back

canon law for soldiers to receive a fair wage and to take booty

Card 3

Front

What was passed down the line at Dorylaeum which supported economic reasons for why people went on crusade?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What was the 'second son theory'?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

How did historians who lived through Europe's fight for empire see the crusade?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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