Why are some locations more at risk from tectonic hazards?

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What is meant by a plate boundary?
A margin between different plates.
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Name the FOUR types of plate boundary.
1) Divergent (constructive) 2) Convergent (destructive) 3) Conservative (transform) 4) Collision
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Identify the TWO plate boundaries where the most powerful earthquakes occur.
1) Convergent (destructive) 2) Conservative (transform)
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Identify the TWO plate boundaries where most volcanoes occur.
1) Divergent (constructive) 2) Convergent (destructive)
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What are the two different types of the Earth's crust?
1) Oceanic 2) Continental
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What causes tectonic plates to move?
Convection currents within the Earth's mantle leading to slab pull.
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Name three processes at work along a destructive plate boundary.
1) Subduction 2) Mountain building 3) Volcanic activity/seismic activity
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What is the Benioff Zone?
It is the boundary between an oceanic plate which is undergoing subduction beneath an overriding continental plate.
8 of 16
Distinguish between the hypocentre and epicentre of an earthquake.
The hypocentre is the point within the earth where an earthquake rupture starts and the epicentre is the point on the Earth's surface directly above the hypocentre.
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Distinguish between the magnitude and intensity of an earthquake.
The magnitude relates to the amount of movement or displacement in the Earth's crust and to the amount of energy released, whereas the intensity refers to the amount of ground shaking.
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What are the 3 types of seismic wave?
1) Primary waves (P waves) 2) Secondary waves (S waves) 3) Love waves (L waves)
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Describe the THREE types of seismic waves.
Primary - vibrations caused by compression; they spread very quickly. S waves vibrate at right angles to the direction of travel; they move more slowly than P-waves. L waves are surface waves with high amplitude.
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What are the secondary hazards of an earthquake?
Landslides, liquefaction, tsunami.
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Name 4 primary volcanic hazards.
1) Pyroclastic flows 2) Tephra 3) Lava flows 4) Volcanic gases
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What are jokulhlaups?
They are glacial outburst floods caused when a volcanic eruption takes place under a glacier or ice sheet.
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Why are jokulhlaups hazardous?
The sudden melting of ice can cause flooding.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Name the FOUR types of plate boundary.

Back

1) Divergent (constructive) 2) Convergent (destructive) 3) Conservative (transform) 4) Collision

Card 3

Front

Identify the TWO plate boundaries where the most powerful earthquakes occur.

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Identify the TWO plate boundaries where most volcanoes occur.

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What are the two different types of the Earth's crust?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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