What was the new theme that emerged within white racism?
Unfairness to whites
1 of 30
Which sociologist proposed two waves of white backlash, and what year
Hewitt, 2005
2 of 30
What was the first backlash?
Policies and legislation to bring about greater equality, the proximity of black communities following migration
3 of 30
And the second?
Gained more of a political dimension, immigration concerns and attacks on multicultural/anti-racist policies
4 of 30
What did the political dimension lead to?
local manifestations of resentment, such as the BNP
5 of 30
What did Hewitt think there was a shift away from (politics wise)
shift away from class politics, to multicultural politics
6 of 30
what did this lead to?
The radical right, which success is down to the articulation of white resentment and the idea that the native population is being left behind
7 of 30
What is one example of what BNP took advantage of?
the social housing problem
8 of 30
What sociologist did a paper on this?
Garner 2009
9 of 30
Why is the issue of housing easy to manipulate?
Because it is an emotive issue
10 of 30
What was a tactic the BNP used
Spread un-true rumours, such as start-up vouchers
11 of 30
What was the result of the radical right's manipulation about social housing?
Instead of being seen of what it really was, a housing shortage due to Right-to-buy, it was blamed on ethnic minorities taking them away
12 of 30
how much of the vote did UKIP receive in 2015 election?
15%
13 of 30
what is the relevance of BREXIT to this topic?
white working class were exploited by dishonest politicians, making immigration main point of campaigns, that immigration was the cause for all their problems
14 of 30
what is the study relating to Brexit and class
Dorling, 2016- 59% of southern middle class voted leave
15 of 30
what are the four themes within white resentment?
1. competition for resources 2. political disaffect
16 of 30
What do we mean by competition for resources?
Idea that there's limited and immgirants have the upper hand/preferential treatment
17 of 30
political disaffection?
WWC less likely to associate with a political party, have less faith in the political system
18 of 30
social and cultural marginalisation?
Hewitt (2005) people are finding themselves culture-less, e.g. multiculturalism days in school
19 of 30
assertion of nation / belonging /entitlement?
Bottero 2009, entitlement, whites should come first, put an end to ethnic preferential treatment
20 of 30
what do we mean by revival of the white working class?
that class is starting to be discussed again, but in terms of multiculturalism/immigration/racial equality
21 of 30
Whats the one quote you really should remember
the idea that white working class is used as a "stick to beat multiculturalism with" but not used as a demand for increased equality for all - Sveinsson 2009
22 of 30
who created the label of the white working class
Politicians, as a campaigning strategy
23 of 30
who talks about the ethnicization of class
Bottero 2009, and by focusing on it, we are missing the point entirely
24 of 30
what do Runnymede trust 2017 say about this
by focusing on the whiteness of the working class, were detracting from the inequalities other minorities experience, who are still disproportionately disadvantaged
25 of 30
how are the white working class constructed
in simplistic, homogenous, narrow ways
26 of 30
give an example
the stereotype of the stupid dysfunctional chav who deserves to be poor
27 of 30
How does the media cover the white working class?
media coverage often pits the interests of the WWC against the interests of ethnic minorities
28 of 30
what is the way forward?
1. universal approach to working class socio-economic policy 2. abandonment of term wwc 3. adopting policies that benefit all working class communities
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