Western and Non-Western Relationships

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As many Western cultures have easy geographical & social --------, we voluntarily interact with a large number of people on a daily basis, thus having a high degree of choice in romantic relationships & a greater 'pool' of potential relationships.
Mobility
1 of 28
Non-Western cultures have less geographical & social mobility, and thus people have less ------ about who they interact with on a daily basis. Meeting a stranger is rare & relationships are usually tied to other factors (family/economic resources).
Choice
2 of 28
Western cultures place high importance on the rights & freedom of the individual, with individual happiness seen as fundamentally important. Such cultures are described as ------------- due to their focus on the individual & not the group.
Individualist
3 of 28
In non-Western cultures, the group tends to be the primary unit of concern. Members of such ------------ cultures are encouraged to be interdependent rather than independent.
Collectivist
4 of 28
Who says the cultural attitudes of individualist cultures are consistent with the formation of romantic relationships that are based on freedom of choice, whereas collectivism leads to relationships that have more to do with the concerns of family?
Moghaddam et al
5 of 28
The importance of love might be --------- between Western and non-Western cultures.
Different
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Who investigated love as a basis for marriage in 11 countries, asking whether people would marry someone with marriage qualities who they didn't love? US = reluctant to marry (14%). India = (24%) & Thailand = (34%), suggesting they'd be more willing.
Levine et al
7 of 28
Cultures that promote a strong desire for romantic relationships can greatly influence feelings of romantic --------- in young people not involved in a romantic relationship.
Loneliness
8 of 28
Who suggested that young adults in Western cultures would experience a greater degree of loneliness due to a high desire for romantic relationships, compared to young adults from non-Western cultures?
Seepersad et al
9 of 28
Seepersad et al's study revealed in a sample of 227 US & Korean students, US students reported ------ levels of romantic loneliness than Koreans when they weren't in a relationship. Koreans relied more on family/Americans relied on friends/lovers.
Higher
10 of 28
Who suggests that in some societies arranged marriages make sense & seem to work (divorce rates are low & in about half of them the spouses reported they'd fallen in love with each other)?
Epstein
11 of 28
Who studied people in India living in arranged marriages and found no differences in marital satisfaction when comparing them to individuals in non-arranged marriages in the US?
Myers et al
12 of 28
In some rapidly developing cultures (China) there's been a noticeable increase in '---- -------', i.e. a move away from traditional 'arranged' marriages.
Love matches
13 of 28
In China, instances in which parents dominate the process of partner choice have -------- from 70% prior to 1949, to less than 10% in the 1990's.
Declined
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Who conducted a study in Chengdu, China, and found that women who'd married for love felt better about their marriages (regardless of duration) than those who experienced arranged marriages?
Xiaohe and Whyte
15 of 28
Parents may be in a better position to judge ------------- in the long-term, whereas young people may be 'blinded by love' and overlook areas of personal incompatibility that will become apparent later.
Compatibility
16 of 28
Research suggests attitudes toward love & romantic relationships may be better explained by the greater------------ & mobility found in Western cultures rather than by Western/non-Western cultural differences.
Urbanisation
17 of 28
There's been an increase in ------- rates in India recently despite it's collectivist culture. Most of those being divorced are India's urban middle class, suggesting their aspirations & attitudes to relationships are different from their parents.
Divorce
18 of 28
Research of cultural differences in relationships may be limited by the research ------ used. Aspects of the methodology could be interpreted differently in one culture than in another, which creates a cultural bias that invalidates any conclusions
Method
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Methodological problems - measures of 'love' or 'satisfaction' that have been developed in Western cultures might not be ----- in other cultures.
Valid
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Kim and Berry suggested that we should aim to develop more ---------- psychologies (explanations & research methods that aren't transported from other cultures & that are designed for one specific culture).
Indigenous
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Indigenous psychologies - means we could then study aspects of relationships that are seen as important & meaningful within a particular culture rather than -------- aspects from our own culture.
Imposing
22 of 28
Who views romantic love as a 'human universal' that has evolved to promote survival and reproduction among human beings?
Pinker
23 of 28
Being in a long-term committed relationship offers lower mortality rates, increased happiness and decreased stress, thus giving it a clear -------- value.
Adaptive
24 of 28
To be an adaption, romantic love should be experienced ---------- among human groups & research has shown that romantic love isn't exclusive to Western cultures, but is also found in many non-Western cultures.
Everywhere
25 of 28
Who found evidence of romantic love in 90% of the 166 non-Western tribal societies studied?
Jankowiak and Fischer
26 of 28
IDA - Psychologists believe the influence of US romantic comedies creates a warped sense of the 'perfect' relationship & produces a culturally ------ view of romance to young people in the UK
Biased
27 of 28
IDA - Who spent a year analysing 40 top box office films released between 1995 & 2005, before asking hundreds of people to fill out questionnaires to describe their expectations concerning relationships? (Film fans = expectations reflected the films)
Johnson and Holmes
28 of 28

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Non-Western cultures have less geographical & social mobility, and thus people have less ------ about who they interact with on a daily basis. Meeting a stranger is rare & relationships are usually tied to other factors (family/economic resources).

Back

Choice

Card 3

Front

Western cultures place high importance on the rights & freedom of the individual, with individual happiness seen as fundamentally important. Such cultures are described as ------------- due to their focus on the individual & not the group.

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

In non-Western cultures, the group tends to be the primary unit of concern. Members of such ------------ cultures are encouraged to be interdependent rather than independent.

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Who says the cultural attitudes of individualist cultures are consistent with the formation of romantic relationships that are based on freedom of choice, whereas collectivism leads to relationships that have more to do with the concerns of family?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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