Web Technology Terms

Internet

. A global computer network
.consisting of interconnected networks using communication protocols.

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WWW (World Wide Web)

. A system of interlinked hypertext documents
.that are accessed via the internet using a browser.

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URL (Uniform Resource Locator)

. Identifies the address
. of a resource on the Internet.
. A unique address
.identifying every resource on the Internet.

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HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol)

. A protocol/set of rules which defines/specifies
. how data is transferred over the Internet.

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IP address

. A unique number/ address
. assigned to any device/computer connected to the Internet.
. An IP address consists of four sets of numbers
.separated by full stops.

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Web Browser

. An application running on a user's computer
. that is responsible for requesting text and graphics of webpages from the web server on the Internet.

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Web server

. Provides/delivers web pages/web resources
. in response to requests from web users.

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Webs Hosting

. Allows an individual or organisation to make their website accessible via the World Wide Web.
. They provide space on a server owned or leased for user by the clients.

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FTP (Files Transfer Protocol)

. A protocol for the transfer of files across the Internet to a web server.
. Users can access a server request that a file be downloaded to them or alternatively upload the file to a web server where they are stored.

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ISP (Internet Service Provider)

. Has direct links to the Internet and accepts transmission from users over communication lines and passes these onto the Internet.
. The ISP sells Internet access to companies or individuals and provides access to web servers which connect to the search

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Search Engine

. A web-based tool that searches for information using keywords or criteria.
. Some search engines use a spider or web crawler
. this programme 'crawls' through the web and constructs an index of pages based on Metadata embedded in the head of the documen

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Cache

. Cache memory is situated closest to the processor.
. Allows browsers to download website images, data and documents for faster viewing.
. A local copy of the information is kept by cache memory.
. The browser will be able to load information from each p

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Cookies

. Small files downloaded to a computer when visiting a website.
. They store previous activity on that site and user preferences.
. This information can be used when the user visits the site again.

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Portal

. A website that acts as a main entry point to a group of web services.
. Portals can require the user to logon and provide a range of services such as: email, links to other websites and search engines.
. Eg Yahoo

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Website

. A collection of HTML pages,
. linked together on the world wide web.

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Webpage

. A page of information stored on the world wide web.
. Usually written using HTML and are viewed using a web browser.
. Can contain hypertext which provides the user with clickable links to other pages on the web and other multimedia eg sound, video, ani

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Web Technology Terms

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