weathering, mass movment, 4 processes of erosion & Destructive waves

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What is weathering?
The break down of rocks where they are.
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What is erosion?
Erosion is the break down of rocks where the material is then carried away. (E.g. sea water)
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What is mechanical weathering?
The breakdown of rock without changing it's chemical compostion. One main type is freeze thaw.
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What is Chemical Weathering?
It is the breakdown of rock by changing its chemical compositon. One example is Carbonation which happens in wet and warm conditions.
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What is Carbonation? (Chemical Weathering)
Rainwater has carbon dioxide dissolved into it, which makes a weak carbonic acid. This acids reacts with rock containing clcium carbonate. (E.g. carboniferous limestone). So the rocks are dissolved by the rainwater.
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What is mass movement?
Is the shifting of rocks and loose material down a slop, e.g. a cliff.
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Why does mass movement happen?
It happens when the force of gravity acting on the slope is geater than the force supporting it.
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What does Mass movement cause?
Causes the coasts to retreat rapidly.
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When are they most likely to happen?
When the material is full of water- as it acts as a lubricant.
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What are the two types of mass movement?
Slides- Material shifts down in a straight line. Slumps- Material shifts with a rotation.
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How do waves wear away the coast?
With the following 4 processes of erosion.... Hydraulic power, Abrasion, Attrition, Solution.
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What is Hydraulic Power? (Process of erosion)
Waves crash against the rock compressing the air in the cracks. Putting pressure on the rock. This repeated compression widens the cracks and makes bits of rock break off.
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What is Abrasion? (Process of erosion)
Eroded particles in the water scrape and rub against the rock, removing samll pieces.
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What is Attrition? (Process of erosion)
Eroded particles in the water smash into each other and break into smaller fragments. Their egdes also get rounded off as they rub together.
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What is Solution? (Process of erosion)
Weak carbonic acid in the seawater dissolves rock like chalk and limestone.
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What are the waves called that carry out erosional processes?
Destructive waves
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What fequency do destructive waves have?
They have a high frequency of 10-14 waves per minute.
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what are the characteristics of a destructive wave?
They are high and Steep.
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What is the backwash and swah like for a destructive wave?
Their backwash is more powerful than their swash, meaning that material is moved from the coast. (Back wash- Movement of water down the beach. Swash- Movement of water up the beach)
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is erosion?

Back

Erosion is the break down of rocks where the material is then carried away. (E.g. sea water)

Card 3

Front

What is mechanical weathering?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is Chemical Weathering?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is Carbonation? (Chemical Weathering)

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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