weather hazards
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- Created by: Iona112
- Created on: 05-04-22 09:32
Global atmospheric circulation
- sinking air creates high pressure, rising air creates low pressure
- surface winds move from high to low pressure, transferring heat and moisture
- winds curve due to the earths rotation and change seasonally as the tilt and rotation of earth changes t
- surface winds move from high to low pressure, transferring heat and moisture
- winds curve due to the earths rotation and change seasonally as the tilt and rotation of earth changes t
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How does global atmospheric affect the UK's weather
- UK's weather is wet and cloud
- close to where cold polar air from the north meets warm subtropical air from the south
- these surface winds from the south- west usually bring warm wet weather, as rising air cools and condenses forming clouds and rain
- close to where cold polar air from the north meets warm subtropical air from the south
- these surface winds from the south- west usually bring warm wet weather, as rising air cools and condenses forming clouds and rain
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atmospheric cells
interconnected circular air movements
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how does global circulation affect the weather in the deserts
- deserts are hot and dry
- found at about 30 north and south where sinking air means high pressure, little rain, hot day time temps and very cold nights
- found at about 30 north and south where sinking air means high pressure, little rain, hot day time temps and very cold nights
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how does global circulation affect the weather at the equator
- hot and sweaty at the equator
- low pressure marks where the sun is directly over head
- hot, humid air rises, cools and condenses causing heavy rain
- low pressure marks where the sun is directly over head
- hot, humid air rises, cools and condenses causing heavy rain
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tropical storms
huge storms called hurricanes cyclones and typhoons in different parts of the world
form 5-15 degrees north and south of the Equator
form 5-15 degrees north and south of the Equator
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what are the requirements needed for a tropical storm to form
- 5-15 degrees north and south of the equator in summer and Autumn where:
- ocean temp are highest (above 27C)
- the spinning effect (Coriolis) of the earths rotation is very high
- intense heat and humidity makes the air unstable
- ocean temp are highest (above 27C)
- the spinning effect (Coriolis) of the earths rotation is very high
- intense heat and humidity makes the air unstable
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how will climate change affect tropical storms
affect the frequency, intensity and distribution
- over last few decades sea surface temp has risen by 0.25-0.5C
- tropical storms may extend into South Atlantic and parts of the sub-tropics
- In the North Atlantic hurricane intensity has risen in the las
- over last few decades sea surface temp has risen by 0.25-0.5C
- tropical storms may extend into South Atlantic and parts of the sub-tropics
- In the North Atlantic hurricane intensity has risen in the las
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Typhoon Haiyan
November 2013
- One of the strongest Category 5 storms ever recorded
- Hit the Philippines
- Very low air pressure caused 5m storm surge swept on shore by winds up to 275km/h
- Coastal devastation included 90% of Tacloban destroyed by storm surge
- One of the strongest Category 5 storms ever recorded
- Hit the Philippines
- Very low air pressure caused 5m storm surge swept on shore by winds up to 275km/h
- Coastal devastation included 90% of Tacloban destroyed by storm surge
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typhoon Haiyan primary effects
- 6300 killed- most in storm surge
- Over 600,000 displaced
- 40,000 homes destroyed or damaged
- Wind damage to buildings, power lines and crops
- Over 400mm of rain caused widespread flooding
- Over 600,000 displaced
- 40,000 homes destroyed or damaged
- Wind damage to buildings, power lines and crops
- Over 400mm of rain caused widespread flooding
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typhoon Haiyan secondary effects
- 14 million affected including 6 million jobs lost
- Flooding caused landslides- blocking roads and restricting access for aid workers
- Shortages of power, water food and shelter, leading to outbreaks of disease
- Infrastructure including schools destro
- Flooding caused landslides- blocking roads and restricting access for aid workers
- Shortages of power, water food and shelter, leading to outbreaks of disease
- Infrastructure including schools destro
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Typhoon Haiyan immediate response
- Rapid overseas aid included NGOs
- US helicopters assisted search and rescue, and delivery of aid
- Field hospitals helped injured
- Over 1200 evacuation
- US helicopters assisted search and rescue, and delivery of aid
- Field hospitals helped injured
- Over 1200 evacuation
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Typhoon Haiyan immediate response
- UN and international financial aid, supplies and medical support
- Rebuilding of infrastructure
- Rice farming and fishing quickly re-established
- Homes rebuilt in safer areas
- More cyclone shelters built
- Rebuilding of infrastructure
- Rice farming and fishing quickly re-established
- Homes rebuilt in safer areas
- More cyclone shelters built
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Monitoring and prediction
storms can be monitored and their tracks predicted
this allows warnings to be issued and preparations made
this allows warnings to be issued and preparations made
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protection
-reinforced walls, roofs, window shutters
- storm drains
- saw walls
- cyclone shelters in Bangladesh are used as community centres schools or medical centres for the most of the time
- storm drains
- saw walls
- cyclone shelters in Bangladesh are used as community centres schools or medical centres for the most of the time
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planning
- education and media campaigns to raise individual and community awareness
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What are the UK's weather hazards
- thunderstorms
- prolonged rainfall
- drought and extreme heat
- heavy snow and extreme cold
- strong winds
- prolonged rainfall
- drought and extreme heat
- heavy snow and extreme cold
- strong winds
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thunderstorms
follow hot weather bringing lighting and torrential rain
linked with flash flooding
linked with flash flooding
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prolonged rainfall
prolonged rainfall over a long period leads to river floods
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drought and extreme heat
causes rivers to dry up and reservoirs to run dangerously low
the 2003 heatwave killed 20,000
the 2003 heatwave killed 20,000
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heavy snow and extreme cold
less common nowadays
can cause great hardship to people in the north of the UK
can cause great hardship to people in the north of the UK
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Strong Winds
cause disruption to power supplies, damage from fallen trees and coastal battering from large waves
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Somerset levels
extensive area of low-lying land in South-west England
severly flooded in 2014
severly flooded in 2014
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causes
- sequence of South- Westerly depression brought record rainfall in January and February
- High tides & storm surges swept water up the rivers from the Bristol channel preventing normal flow
- Rivers, clogged with sediment, had not been dredged in 20 yrs
- High tides & storm surges swept water up the rivers from the Bristol channel preventing normal flow
- Rivers, clogged with sediment, had not been dredged in 20 yrs
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immediate responses
- Huge media interest
- Cut off villagers used boats for transport
- Community groups and volunteers gave support
- Cut off villagers used boats for transport
- Community groups and volunteers gave support
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long term responses
- £20 million Flood Action plan launched to reduce future risk
- 8km of rivers Tone and Parrett dredged
- Road levels raised
- Vulnerable communities have flood defences
- Riverbanks raised and strengthened
- Possible tidal barrage at Bridgwater by 2024
- 8km of rivers Tone and Parrett dredged
- Road levels raised
- Vulnerable communities have flood defences
- Riverbanks raised and strengthened
- Possible tidal barrage at Bridgwater by 2024
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social impacts
- 600 houses flooded
- 16 farms evacuated
- Residents evacuated to temporary accommodation for several months
- Villages cut off
- Many cut off to power supplies
- 16 farms evacuated
- Residents evacuated to temporary accommodation for several months
- Villages cut off
- Many cut off to power supplies
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economic impacts
- estimated cost of flood damage is more than £10 million
- over 14000 ha of agricultural land under water for 3-4 weeks
- 1000 livestock evacuated
- Local roads cut by floods
- Bristol to Taunton railway line closed at Bridgewater
- over 14000 ha of agricultural land under water for 3-4 weeks
- 1000 livestock evacuated
- Local roads cut by floods
- Bristol to Taunton railway line closed at Bridgewater
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environmental impacts
- Floodwaters were heavily contaminated with sewage, oil, and chemicals
- Huge amounts of debris
- Stagnant water that had collected for months had to be reoxygenated
- Huge amounts of debris
- Stagnant water that had collected for months had to be reoxygenated
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evidence that UK weather is becoming more extreme
- 2003 heatwave, highest temp ever recorded
- 2007, 2008 and 2009 floods
- 2009 heavy snow in the south
- 2010 heavy snow, record low temps in N Ireland
- 2013/2014 floods, Englands wettest winter in 250 years
- December 2015, wettest and warmest ever rec
- 2007, 2008 and 2009 floods
- 2009 heavy snow in the south
- 2010 heavy snow, record low temps in N Ireland
- 2013/2014 floods, Englands wettest winter in 250 years
- December 2015, wettest and warmest ever rec
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why might extreme weather evens be on the increase
climate change:
- leads to more energy in the atmosphere which could lead to more intense storms
- possibly affects atmospheric circulation, bringing floods to normally dry areas and heatwaves to normally cooler ones
- leads to more energy in the atmosphere which could lead to more intense storms
- possibly affects atmospheric circulation, bringing floods to normally dry areas and heatwaves to normally cooler ones
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
How does global atmospheric affect the UK's weather
Back
- UK's weather is wet and cloud
- close to where cold polar air from the north meets warm subtropical air from the south
- these surface winds from the south- west usually bring warm wet weather, as rising air cools and condenses forming clouds and rain
- close to where cold polar air from the north meets warm subtropical air from the south
- these surface winds from the south- west usually bring warm wet weather, as rising air cools and condenses forming clouds and rain
Card 3
Front
atmospheric cells
Back
Card 4
Front
how does global circulation affect the weather in the deserts
Back
Card 5
Front
how does global circulation affect the weather at the equator
Back
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