Water

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Why is water called a 'di-polar' molecule?
It has 2 partial charges within the molecule
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What are the bonds within the molecules called?
Covalent hydrogen bonds
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What are bonds between water molecules called?
Hydrogen bonds
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What is the 'specific heat capacity' of water?
The range of heat that H20 is whilst being in the water form (0-100); energy needed to raise the temperature of 1kg of water by one unit
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What does heat capacity mean for the world?
It acts as a buffer for sudden temperature changes (aquatic environments); Earth has liquid water (oceans) - it would otherwise be water vapour
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What is the 'latent heat of vaporisation' of water?
The energy needed to change the form of water - has a high latent heat capacity
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Why is sweating an effective method of heat loss?
It provides a cooling effect, but minimises water lost; when water is lost, heat evaporates with it
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What creates the cohesive (/adhesive) forces of water?
The hydrogen bonds and repulsions of same charges cause easy capillary action (they stick together)
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How does surface tension support small organisms?
Acts like a 'skin' over body of water, as it meets air. Small creatures are not heavy enough to separate the molecules.
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How is water vital for metabolism?
Nutrient; hydrolysis; chemical reactions; photosynthesis; 65% of body
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For what substances is water used as a solvent?
For gases, waste (ammonia + urea), inorganic ions (amino acids, ATP, monosaccharides), enzymes
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Why is it good that water is transparent?
Light can pass through for photosynthetic organisms
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What is water used for in sweating?
Cooling
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What does water provide in the body and cells?
Support
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What does water do for inorganic ions?
Acts as a solvent; holds them in cytoplasm and body fluids
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Why does water spread across certain surfaces (e.g glass)?
Adhesive forces are stronger than the cohesive (hydrogen) forces. With some materials, water will just bead up.
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What is important about the density of water?
Water is more dense than ice (as ice has air pockets), allowing ice to float for habitats; ice acts as an insulator, allowing an aquatic habitat below; allows small (low density) organisms to be supported
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What are the bonds within the molecules called?

Back

Covalent hydrogen bonds

Card 3

Front

What are bonds between water molecules called?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is the 'specific heat capacity' of water?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What does heat capacity mean for the world?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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