What does copper do as a prosthetic group in an enzyme?
In enzymes of redox reactions incluing synthesis of adrenaline and noradrenaline and cytochrome oxidase in the ETC, it also forms links in collagen and elastase.
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What does zinc do as a prosthetic group in enzymes?
Included in receptor proteins for steroid and thyroid hormones where it is part of the promotor protein to initiate gene transcription.
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Name minerals that have a regulatory role in the body?
Calcium, chromium, iodine, magnesum, manganese
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What does chromium do?
Involved in interaction between insulin and cell surface receptors
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What does iodine do?
Required for synthesis of thyroid hormones
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What does magnesium do?
involved in utilising ATP as a cofactor and in the enzymes for DNA replication and transcription
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What does manganese do?
Prosthetic group in superoxide dismutase.
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What minerals are essential with no known reason?
Silicon, Vanadium, Nickel and Tin
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What minerals have unknown essetiality?
Fluoride, Lithium
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Vitamin A
Visual pigments in the retina regulation of gene expression and cell differentiation in defieciency disease there is night blindness and kerinistation of the skin.
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Vitamin D
Calciferol in important in calcium balance and deficiency leads to rickets adn osteomalcia, demineralisation of the bone
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Vitamin E
Antioxidant especially in cell membranes, defieciency is a very rare serious neurological disfunction.
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Vitamin K
Coenzyme in the enzymes of blood clotting and bone marrow proteins.
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B1, thiamine
Coenzyme in pyruvate and alpha keto glutarate dehydrogenase. Deficiency is peripheral nerve damage adn CNS lesions
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B2 Riboflavin
Coenzyme in REDOX and prtosthetic group of flavoproteins. Lesions in the corner of mouth lips and tongue.
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Niacin
Coenzyme in REDOX functional part os NAD and NADP. Deficiency results in photosensitive dermatitis and depressive psycosis.
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B6
Coenzyme in transamination and decarboxylation of aas and glycogen phosphorylase. Dificiency results in disorders of AA metabolism and convulsions.
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B12
Coenzyme in transfer of carbon fragments and functional part of CoA. Pernicious anaemia.
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H Biotin
Coenzyme in gluconeogenesis and fatty acid synthesis
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C Ascorbic acid
Coenzyme in hydroxlayion of proline and lysine in collage nsynthesis it is also an antioxidant an denhances iron absorption.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What is the definition of a mineral?
Back
Inorganic elements with a physiological function.
Card 3
Front
How is the requirement for a vitamin or mineral determined?
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