The model where the Sun, Moon, planets and stars orbited Earth in perfect circles
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What is the Heliocentric model?
The model that states that the Earth and planets all orbit the sun, which is at the centre of the Universe
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What did Galileo discover?
That Jupiter's moods were travelling in the wrong direction. Showed that not everything orbited Earth - Proved Geocentric model wrong
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What is the current model of our Solar System?
That the Sun is at the planets are orbiting elliptically rather than circular
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How is the naked eye useful for looking at space?
Useful for mapping positions
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How can telescopes be useful for looking at space?
Magnifying images to see in more detail. Learning more about the Universe
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How are photographs useful for looking at space?
Zoom in to see more detail. Monitor objects at different times. Compare with others.
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What is wavelength?
The distance from one peek to the next
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What is frequency?
How many complete waves there are per second passing a certain point
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What is frequency measured in?
Hertz (Hz)
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What is amplitude?
The height of the wave from the mid-line to the peek
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What do waves do?
Waves transfer energy and information without transferring matter
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What formula links speed, frequency and wavelength?
Speed = Frequency X Wavelength
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What formula links wave speed, distance and time
Wave speed = Distance/Time
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What is a transverse wave?
Waves where the vibrations are at 90 degrees to the direction of travel of the wave
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What are 4 examples of a transverse wave?
Light and all other EM waves. S-waves. Waves on strings and springs. Ripples on water
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What is a longitudinal wave?
Waves where the vibrations are along the same direction as the wave is traveling
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What are 3 examples of longitudinal waves?
Sound and ultrasound. P-waves. A slinky spring when you push and pull the end
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What do Oscilloscopes always show things as?
Transverse waves - even sound
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What do EM waves do in denser materials?
Slow down (usually)
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What do sound waves do in denser materials?
Speed up
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What happens when a wave meets a boundary 'face on'?
It slows down but carries on in the same direction
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What happens when a wave meets a boundary at an angle?
It slows down and changes direction, it has been refracted
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What happens when light passes through a pane of glass?
Some is reflected. The rest bends towards the normal. Some is reflected again. The rest bends away from the normal. Emerges in the same direction
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What is a real image?
When light from an object comes together to form an image on a screen
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What is a virtual image?
When the rays are diverging, so the light from the image appears to be coming from a different place
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What is a converging lens used for?
Used to focus light
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How does a converging lens work?
It bulges outwards. It causes parallel rays of light to converge to a focus
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What is the axis of a lens
It is a line passing through the middle of the lens
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What is the focal point?
Where the rays hitting the lens parallel to the axis all meet. Each lens has a focal point behind and infront
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What two lenses do refracting telescopes use?
Two converging lenses. An objective lens and an eyepiece lens
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How does a reflecting telescope work?
Large concave mirror collects the parallel rays of light from an object in space. Reflected onto a smaller mirror placed in front of the larger mirrors focal point. Smaller one reflects through hole in bigger one. Converging lens eyepiece to magnify
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What is the Heliocentric model?
Back
The model that states that the Earth and planets all orbit the sun, which is at the centre of the Universe
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