Neutalising toxins, Agglutinating pathogens,Preventing the pathogen from attaching to a cell
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How does tubercles form?
They are formed when the immune SYETEM OF SUFFERES seals of the infected phagoctes which contains the mycobacterium that cause TB in structures in the lungs known as tubercles.
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What is the variable region?
Its a region that is used by the antibody to bind to a complementary antigen.
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How are B cells activated?
They are activated when a receptor on a T cell bind to the antigen forming an antigen-receptor complex. They are also activated when an antibody on a B cell bind to to a complemetnary antigen. This with the subtance released from a T cell activate B
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List ways in which pathogens enters the body?
Through cuts in the skin, Contaminated food or drink, through the respiratory system(inhaling), Through mucosal surfaces like the nose.
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Can AIDS sufferes suffer from TB and why?
AIDS cause the immune system to deterioates thus very low number of anobodies. The dormant bacteria that was sealed in tubercles can become reactivated and cause TB.
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list the barriers that prevent pathogen from entering?
Stomach acid, Flora on the skin and intestine compete with microbes for nutrients and space, seabum-oily substance produced by skin to kill microbes. Lysozyme - damage bacteria cell wall.
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What are the Non-specific immune response?
Inflammation, Interferons, Phagocytes?
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What are Phagocytes and how they kill pathogens?
They are APC. They kill pathogen by surrounding it with the phagocyte cytoplasm and engulf it. The pathogen is now in a phagoctic vacoule which are digested by lysosmed hydrolytic enzymes.
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How does interferon stop virus spreading?
Inhibit viral replication, Activate inflammation, and NK cells to kill infected cells.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
How antibodies clear infection?
Back
Neutalising toxins, Agglutinating pathogens,Preventing the pathogen from attaching to a cell
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