Virtue Ethics - Alasdair MacIntyre & Business Ethics

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  • Created by: Megan
  • Created on: 12-03-15 16:44
According to MacIntyre when did the destruction of moral conduct occur?
During and after the enlightenment of the 18th Century
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For MacIntyre, why did this destruction occur?
Without emphasis on the necessary qualities of mind and character a person would not be able to live a moral life. Decline in religion contributed to moral decline.
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MacIntyre said, Morality is now...
an expression of personal preference in a culture which has abandoned the virtues and rejected a sense of community
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MacIntyre says we are now living in a?
Moral Vacuum (nothingness/morals have been sucked out)
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For MacIntyre, what are the 3 characters that strut the cultural stage?
1. Bereaucratic Manager 2.Rich Aesthete 3.Therapist
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What did MacIntyre think about Aristotle's virtues?
They are important and essential to living a happy and ethical life.
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How does MacIntyre criticise contemporary theorizing?
He argues that it is mostly of little relevance, there is too much emphasis on reason and too little on what people should do and how to live.
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What were the names of the types of virtues MacIntyre studied?
1. Homeric Virtues 2. Athenian Virtues 3. Medieval Virtues
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Between which two people did Macintyre say we are at a crossroads between?
Nietzsche (said god is dead) and Aristotle - Between the individualist and the philosopher who understood the importance of the community
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According to MacIntyre what are the two aspects of a person's life that require exercise of virtues?
1. The Practices 2.The Search for a Good Life
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PRACTICES - Each person carries out practices which need 'goods' unique to it. What are the two types of goods?
1. Internal goods (skill involved) 2.External Goods (Benefits gained)
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Who do the internal goods benefit?
The person and the community
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Who do the external goods benefit?
only the person
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In what 3 ways does MacIntyre relate this to the virtues ?
1.People can persue excellence in their practices 2.True happiness in a by-product of striving for excellence in practices 3.To participate meaningfully in practices one needs to develop virtues
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According to MacIntyre, what is the overarching dimension of an individuals life? Why?
The search for the good life. A good life enables a person to flourish, to fulfill their potential and achieve excellence in their field
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According to Macintyre how many characteristics are there of a flourishing person?
3
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What is the 1st characteristic of a flourishing person?
The ability to evaluate, modify, judge and reject in the reasons are good enough
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What is the 22nd characteristic of a flourishing person?
The ability to imagine alternative possible futures and make rational choices
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What is the 3rd characteristic of a flourishing person?
The ability to stand back from desires
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How do the intellectual and moral virtues fit into this?
The intellectual and moral virtues are the characteristics which allow us to become a practical reasoner. The ability to reason and evaluate sets us apart, helps us lead a good life and achieve happiness
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Who was Carol Gillian and what did she point out about moral philosophy?
Feminist philosopher. Said it was male centered. She distinguished between male virtues(rights,justice,autonomy) and female virtues(care,responsibility, relations with others)
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What did Philippa Foot say about the virtues?
They are excellence's of mind and character and are necessary for our future welbeing. She agrees with aristotle that the virtues should be nurtured over time
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What did Foot say about means and ends?
There are certain ends which are good and a wise person knows the value of each. And certain good means are needed to achieve certain good ends. A wise person knows the best way to achieve goals.
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Define corporate citizenship
Obligations which organisations have to their communities
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Define Philanthropy
An act of deliberate generosity
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Define Stakeholders
People involved in the company e.g. workers, community, suppliers, advertisers, bank
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Give four characteristics of an ethical business
1. Source products carefully 2.Give back to the community 3.Treat staff well 4.Reduce damage to the environment
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Give four characteristics on an unethical business
1. Pollute the environment 2. Treat suppliers/producers badly 3. Put workers lives in danger 4. No corporate responsibility (Big bonuses with no philanthropy, chose factories to move to a cheaper area)
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Define corporate social responisibilty
phrase used in business ethics to indicate that businesses have a moral duty to society in addition to the duty to their shareholders to make a profit
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What does Adam Smith mean by ethical egoism businesses having an enlightened self interest?
A business that is seen to buy its goods from renewable sources or that refuses to deal with corrupt regimes presents itself as a morally responsible player in society. In turn encouraging people to buy their good and services
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Card 2

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For MacIntyre, why did this destruction occur?

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Without emphasis on the necessary qualities of mind and character a person would not be able to live a moral life. Decline in religion contributed to moral decline.

Card 3

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MacIntyre said, Morality is now...

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

MacIntyre says we are now living in a?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

For MacIntyre, what are the 3 characters that strut the cultural stage?

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