Vietnam war

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  • Created by: katewells
  • Created on: 07-05-16 10:19
When was the Vietnam war?
1959 to April 1975
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When did the French re-occupy Indo-China?
1945
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What nationalist group wipped out the occupying French?
The Vietminh
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What was Indo-China divided into at the treaty of Geneva in 1954?
Laos, Cambodia, North Vietnamese and South Vietnamese
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When was the elections to unify the two parts of Vietnam?
1956
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Which leader refused to hold elections?
Ngo Dinh Diem (South Vietnam)
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Who was Ho Chi Minh?
Communist leader of North Vietnam
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Who was the National Liberation front known as by USA and when were they set up?
Vietcong in 1960
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What type of war did Ho Chi Minh use?
Guerilla war
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Who did the USA support?
Diem and South Vietnam
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What date was most of South Vietnam rural areas were under control of the Vietcong?
1963
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Who was the ARVN?
South Vietnamese army
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In 1963 what did the US support and why?
A military coup that murdered Diem, to impose a new military government in South Vietnam
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When was the Gulf of Tonkin incident?
August 1964
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What did the sailors on the warship USS Maddox claim?
They had been attacked by North Vietnamese torpedo boats
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What did the congress allow President Johnson to do?
Take direct military action
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What happened to American air bases in February 1965?
They were attacked by the Vietcong and soldiers were killed
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When did President Johnson declare war?
February 1965
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What were the 4 reasons why USA got involved in the Vietnam war?
Containment, Domino theory, ARVN weakness, US being atatcked
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What did President Johnson declare to contain the spread of communism against Vietnam?
"I am not going to be the president who saw South-East Asia go the way China went"
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What was the domino theory?
The idea that if one country fell to communism, the surrounding countries would be similarly affected
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Who was Americas 1st President during the Vietnam war?
Eisenhower (1953-1961)
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What were the 3 ways in which Eisenhower was involved in Vietnam?
1) Saw it as a crucial part of the domino theory 2) Previously given France help in their war against Vietnam sending air force pilots 3) When France pulled out he offered military assistance to the south and increased military advisers to 900
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Who was Americas 2nd President during the Vietnam war?
Kennedy (January 1961-November 1963)
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Why did Kennedy Focus on Vietnam?
Wanted to appear strong after failure of Bay of Pigs
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What did Kennedy send to South Vietnam in 1961 and why?
Money to increase their army from 150,00 to 170,000 and sent 100 military advisors
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What programme did Kennedy produce in 1962 and what was it?
The strategic Hamlet, to move south Vietnamese peasants away from Vietcong to new villages
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Why did the Strategic Hamlets fail?
The peasants did not want to move as it was far away from there rice fields and farms so moved back
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What number did Kennedy increase the military advisers to in 1962 and supply?
12,000 and 300 helicopters (instructed pilots not to engage in combat)
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How does Thich Quang Due protest against the South Vietnamese government and when?
Sets himself on fire in November 1963
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Who was Americas 3rd president during the Vietnam war?
Johnson (1963-1969)
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What date did the 1st US ground troops land?
March 1965
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When was the Tet Offensive?
January 1968
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What was the Tet Offensive?
The North Vietnam army fail of attacking 50 targets in the South
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How many North Vietnamese were killed?
45,000
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How did American media characterise the Tet offensive?
As a defeat losing the public support for the war
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What was the US response to the Tet Offensive?
Mai Lai Massacre (March 1968)
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What was the Mai Lai massacre?
The Mai Lai hamlet was believed to be a stronghold of the VietCong, so a search and destroy unit, Led by Lieutenant Calley, was sent to the village on March 16 ad killed hundreds of unarmed Vietnamese civilians
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Who was Americas 4th president during the Vietnam war?
Nixon (1969-1974)
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What did Nixon want?
Peace and Honour
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What was his policy of Vietnamisation?
The idea that America would supply the money and materials but the fighting would be done by the South Vietnamese army
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What was the number of troops in Vietnam in December 1970 to September 1972?
350,00 to 40,000
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Why was Nixon forced to use violence?
To try and achieve a peace deal
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What happened when negotiations broke down in 1970?
US secretly carried out bombing raids of North Vietnam and he sent troops to complete the missions
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What happened on home soil in the USA after the use of violence?
Mass demostarations as well as protests at Kent University with 4 students being killed
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When did the US leave Vietnam?
January 1973 after the Paris peace agreement was signed
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Why did America fail in the war?
1) They use hi-tech tactics killing the wrong people 2)They tried to supply the war from 8,000 miles away 3)Their troops were inexperienced (the draft) 4)Low moral of US troops 5)War was unpopular with the public
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Why did the Vietcong succeed?
1)Guerilla tactics successful 2)Supplied with weapons from China and Russia 3)Troops had a lot of experience 4)Always trying to drive out the US no matter what 5)They were motivated to unite their home country
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What was the Ho Chi Minh trail?
A jungle route through Laos and Cambodia that allowed the North Vietnamese to supply their army
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How many Americans were killed?
58,000
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Why did Johnson have to cancel his great society programme for reform?
The cost of the war was too much
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When did the South Vietnamese regime collapse enabling Vietnam to be united?
April 1975
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Why did the US use agent Orange during the war?
To eliminate forest cover for North Vietnamese and VietCong troops, as well as crops that might be used to feed them
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Card 2

Front

When did the French re-occupy Indo-China?

Back

1945

Card 3

Front

What nationalist group wipped out the occupying French?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What was Indo-China divided into at the treaty of Geneva in 1954?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

When was the elections to unify the two parts of Vietnam?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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