Utilitarianism

Created by: Phoebe
Created on: 08-05-13 16:33

What is utilitarianism

Natural Law of actions causing either Pain or Pleasure - "the greatest good of the greatest number" Bernard Fabian - Utility=usefullness - consequential

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Types of Utilitarianism

Act (Jeremy Bentham and Henry Sidgewick) Rule (John Stuart Mill) Preference (Peter Singer)

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Jeremy Bentham dates and book

18th/19th century worked in law introduction to the princaples of morals and legislation

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Jeremy Benthams Utilitarianism

Rule of thumb "two soverign masters pain and pleasure" hedonic calculus to maximize pleasure and minimize pain - non thiest as no proof for or against

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John Stuart Mill background

19th century - influenced by Bentham - was an MP

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How did Mill differ from Bentham

- simplistic view of happiness - not actions that cause happiness but right conditions - aggregate of individual happiness - quality not quantity - Higher and lower pleasures

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John Stuart Mills Utilitarianism

- Higher and lower pleasures "rather be a human unsatissfied than a pig satissfied" - Higher is progressive education - Lower is physical pleasure (eating out) - The golden rule - Aggregate of individual happiness - human rights - conditions

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Act Utilitariansim

Henry Sidgewick - develoipment of Bentham - extreme utilitariansim - consequetional - purely hedonistic -

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Rule Utilitarianism

John Stuart Mill - opposite of Act - Must obey Moral Laws

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Preference Utilitarianism

Peter Singer 20th century - Based on preferences so promotes general happiness - inbetween act and rule - Promotes equality

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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Types of Utilitarianism

Back

Act (Jeremy Bentham and Henry Sidgewick) Rule (John Stuart Mill) Preference (Peter Singer)

Card 3

Front

Jeremy Bentham dates and book

Back

Card 4

Front

Jeremy Benthams Utilitarianism

Back

Card 5

Front

John Stuart Mill background

Back

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Utilitarianism