Utilatarianism

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  • Created by: Kirsty
  • Created on: 10-05-13 21:47
What is the Hedonic Calculus?
Bentham's way of measuring the good and bad effects of an action.
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What does "Quantitative" mean?
It means something that can be measured. Bentham took this approach to Utilitarianism.
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What are the the seven basic test for testing whether an action will minimise pleasure and maximise pain?
Purity, Remoteness, Intensity, Certainty, Extent, Duration and Fecundity. Remember they spell PRICED F.
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What does Bentham mean by "Sensation"?
Experience or action. By using sensation he means that pain and pleasure are products of the senses.
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Bentham regards all pleasures being of equal values. How is this a weakness?
I think we can all agree that a pleasure of eating a bar of chocolate is much different to the pleasure of winning a thousand pounds?!
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Why is Bentham's approach to not considering human rights a weakness?
It might not maximise pleasure if someone doesn't have there human rights.
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What did John Stuart Mill not agree with when considering Bentham's approach?
Giving equal values to all pleasures. The emphasis on pleasure alone. And the treatment of the minorities.
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What does Qualitative mean?
Focusing on the quality of something rather than the quantity of it. Mill took this approach to Utilitarianism.
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Mill stressed the idea of what?
Happiness.
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What did Mill think of higher and lower pleasures?
Higher pleasures are those of the mind and lower pleasures are those of the body.
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What did Mill believe wouldn't make a good society?
Making to minority accept what the majority wants.
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What is the "Golden Rule" of Jesus that Mill followed?
"Do unto others as you would have them do to you".
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Is Bentham linked to Act or Rule Utilitarianism?
Act, because it follows the one rule of the greatest good of the greatest number.
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Is Mill linked to Act or Rule Utilitarianism?
Rule, because it argues that moral rules based on the principle of utility should be kept by everyone in similar circumstances.
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What does "Strong Rule Utilitarianism" mean?
They believe the rule should always be kept.
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What does "Weak Rule Utilitarianism" mean?
Believe to rule can be broken in certain situations, where better consequences might be achieved.
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What is Preference Utilitarianism based on?
The idea that a good action is that maximises the preferences of all involved. So everyone has to consider everyone else's preferences. You have to put others preferences before your own.
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What is a "Higher Pleasure"?
Pleasures of the mind.
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What is a "Lower Pleasure"?
Pleasures of the body.
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What are some criticisms of Mill?
His attitudes towards happiness are very old fashioned. Mills higher and lower pleasures are sometimes meaningless and people either get pleasures from something or do not. Progress can be made by higher or lower pleasures it is a matter of opinion.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What does "Quantitative" mean?

Back

It means something that can be measured. Bentham took this approach to Utilitarianism.

Card 3

Front

What are the the seven basic test for testing whether an action will minimise pleasure and maximise pain?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What does Bentham mean by "Sensation"?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Bentham regards all pleasures being of equal values. How is this a weakness?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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