ussr ; social developments ; social security ; khrushchev / brezhnev

?
were they more or less prosperous after stalin's push for industrialisation?
more
1 of 186
which led khrushchev to announce they could now enjoy benefits of socialism in what year?
'61
2 of 186
progress was tangible enough for brezhnev to tlk about move to what?
developed socialism
3 of 186
developed socialism was a term applied to what?
society that had become instilled w/in the values of the revolution
4 of 186
what were these values?
collectivism / political consciousness / active revolutionary driven participation
5 of 186
KEY FEATURES OF SOCIAL STABILITY UNDER DEVELOPED SOCIALISM?
DFGD
6 of 186
- full employment
gfndino
7 of 186
soviet constitution of what year guaranteed citizens employment?
'77
8 of 186
full employment had been feature of soviet life since which decade?
'30s
9 of 186
some short-term unemployment in rural areas why?
seasonal work
10 of 186
and common for uni grads to experience what?
short period of unemployment
11 of 186
moreover employment was no gaurantee of what?
job satisfacion
12 of 186
what often made difference was increase in what?
real wages
13 of 186
what were real wages?
wages compared to prices
14 of 186
what % did these raise between '67-'77?
50%
15 of 186
which gave soviets more what?
spending power
16 of 186
why did many accumulate savings?
nothing in shops to spend on bc lack consumer goods
17 of 186
increase per capita consumption in khrushchev years still what anually?
3.8% (which is a lot apparently)
18 of 186
what really helped stability was limited gap between what?
best and worst payed
19 of 186
wage differentials less that what % of america's in '70?
50%
20 of 186
which was enough to offer workers what?
chance of material gain
21 of 186
but not enough for what?
anger over excessive inequality
22 of 186
- job security
dgdfg
23 of 186
what were the key three things that made a soviet worker not good at their job?
lazy / incompetent / alcoholic
24 of 186
but what was it v difficult to do nonethelesS?
fire them
25 of 186
managers often ignored low standards of work discipline as workers were most likely absent doing which two things?
queuing for food or other items / moonlighting for extra money on the side
26 of 186
this would be followed by short period of intense work why?
to reach production targets forend of the month
27 of 186
labour turnover remained high often at rate of what % each year?
30%
28 of 186
as workers moved to jobs where managers did what?
offered more benefits
29 of 186
when was minimum wage introduced?
'56
30 of 186
designed to ensure what?
no workers below poverty line
31 of 186
but hardships remained for workers that still had to do what on full wage?
support fambly
32 of 186
working week reduced in what year?
'57
33 of 186
and number of days of what increased?
paid holiday
34 of 186
- improved material benefits
fhh
35 of 186
greater availability of what massively contented society?
consumer goods
36 of 186
what did brezhnev do with khrushchev's trend of increased consumer goods interest?
continued
37 of 186
what were the dates of the 9th 5yrplan?
'71-'75
38 of 186
set higher growth rate for consumer goods than what?
heavy industry (i know, stalin is screeching in his coffin that's now removed from red square)
39 of 186
ability to deliver improvement in quality of life was seen by gov as what?
legitimising communist party rule
40 of 186
were consumer goods targets met?
nah not even
41 of 186
but progress enough for what?
population to notice improvements
42 of 186
sustained economic growth often relied on what kind of labour?
skilled > unskilled
43 of 186
also ensured greater opportunities for what in soviet system?
upward mobility
44 of 186
- nomenklatura system
fgdfg
45 of 186
what was key feature that tied population to state?
state was their employer
46 of 186
central committee had developed nomenklatura into ast apparatus of what?
patronage
47 of 186
workers place of employment depended on securing what?
internal passport
48 of 186
and what other thing?
dwelling permit
49 of 186
those for jobs and residences where being most sought after?
moscow
50 of 186
after what year were collective farmers allowed passports?
'74
51 of 186
getting passport and permit were much easier if you were which two things?
educated and party activist
52 of 186
taking part in what helped gain position in local party branch?
unpaid propaganda campaigns
53 of 186
period of doing what at party schools was also way of securing promotions?
ideological study
54 of 186
what was party membership in '53?
6.9m
55 of 186
and in '80
17m
56 of 186
by end '70s what % of 30yrs+ males were party members?
20%
57 of 186
ultimately advancement depended on having reccomendation from who?
party sponsor
58 of 186
this process responsible for building what?
loyalty in system + stability
59 of 186
what kind of people found it hard to rise in the system?
risk-takers + troublemakers (ur ****** mcmurphy)
60 of 186
under brezhnev's leadership what happened to this system?
entrenched
61 of 186
pattern developed where people were promoted in which region/
same one they were born in
62 of 186
rather than doing what?
moving on with promotion
63 of 186
which was common in k-era to do what?
keep fresh and encourage innovation
64 of 186
party at all levels were ensuring control remained with who?
chosen successors
65 of 186
one consequence of this was increase of what which is also the title of 7x01 of the office?
nepotism
66 of 186
who became editor of izvestiya?
k's son in law adzhubei
67 of 186
which stands for?
news
68 of 186
what did brezhnev's son yuri become?
deputy minister of foreign trade
69 of 186
- education system
dffgdfg
70 of 186
attachment to party reinforced through this by instilling?
socialist values from young age
71 of 186
for children whose parents wanted for them good jobs and system progress what was usual pass?
high school and then higher education
72 of 186
became one of most important vehicles for gaining waht?
social status
73 of 186
why?
good qualifications helped secure better jobs and inc promo. chances
74 of 186
in '80s what was balance of males and females entering higher education?
equal
75 of 186
schools in which areas attracted better teachers?
large urban ones
76 of 186
especially in residential areas occupied by?
elite
77 of 186
this education played key role in doign what?
perpetuating elite
78 of 186
- youth groups
dfgdg
79 of 186
progressed through which three groups?
octobrists / pioneers / komsomol
80 of 186
what was the age range for octobrists?
5-9
81 of 186
pioneers?
10-14
82 of 186
komsomol?
15-28
83 of 186
this was important if you wanted to join party and then do what?
secure better promotion prospects
84 of 186
- provision + range of social security benefits
dgdg
85 of 186
'50-'80 how much did state welfare spending increase?
fivefold
86 of 186
what 3 things recieved much attention and relieved poverty?
pensions / maternity benefits / housing
87 of 186
in what year was the pension scheme expanded?
'56
88 of 186
and what happened to retirement age?
reduced
89 of 186
pensions rose at higher rate than what in brezhnev years?
wages
90 of 186
but still remained?
inefficient
91 of 186
for example how many roubles in '80?
40
92 of 186
this encouraged many to do what after retirement?
work part-time
93 of 186
armies of what were recruited from old people?
street sweepers clearing winter snow
94 of 186
who didn't recieve pension untl this era?
peasants
95 of 186
- housing
fdfd
96 of 186
who implemented an extensive housing programme improving many lives?
khrushchev
97 of 186
annual amount of housing space provided by gov was what in ;51?
178m square metres
98 of 186
and in '61
394m sq metres
99 of 186
most new housing was provided in which two ways?
directly by state / co-ops asst by gov credits
100 of 186
what were housing blocks nicknamed?
khrushchev's slums (which is bare rude bc like bish @ least he's building u a house)
101 of 186
housing based on what built to standard design?
prefabricated panels
102 of 186
what did this process help?
speed and cost
103 of 186
but resulted in drab uniform housing often poorly finished why?
rush to meet targets
104 of 186
occupants often complained that what were left?
concrete blocks / plastering for them to do
105 of 186
despite problems what were still long?
waiting lists for apts
106 of 186
as many had been in what before?
farrrr worse condts
107 of 186
- health care
dfgdg
108 of 186
was there growth in this area?
yes, a considerable amount infact
109 of 186
was availability a problem?
no
110 of 186
so what was?
quality of provisions
111 of 186
what provided all-purpose healthcare?
polyclinics
112 of 186
with referral where when neccessary?
to specilaists
113 of 186
many workers made use of these services partly encouraged by which right?
right to time off work to see doctor
114 of 186
what was the russian tradition of a sanatoria?
rest home with medical facilities
115 of 186
in '78 there were over how many sanatoria linked with med care?
2000
116 of 186
and how many rest homes?
1000
117 of 186
workers entitled to take time of here for wide range of things such as?
blood pressure / heart problems / stomach complaints
118 of 186
most places there were allocated by who?
trade unions
119 of 186
where were best medical services available?
moscow (shocker) or 2nd leningrad
120 of 186
which republics specifically were badly served/
central asian
121 of 186
even in what year did hospitals not have heating / running water?
'88
122 of 186
what was most equipment in hospitals like?
poorly made / outdated / in need of repair
123 of 186
- living conditions in countryside
dfgfd
124 of 186
increased what under k continued under b?
investment in agriculture
125 of 186
some of this investment was used to build what in rural areas?
schools / housing / health services
126 of 186
when were incomes of collective farmers increased?
'66
127 of 186
when gov introduced regular wages over what previous system?
payment based on share of farm's income
128 of 186
by mid'70s wages of rural workers were what % less than urban counterparts?
10%
129 of 186
collective farmers could also supplement wage how?
private plot produce
130 of 186
HOW STABLE WAS SOCIETY UNDER DEVELOPED SOCIALISM?
GDFG
131 of 186
w. increase in living standards there had alsobeen rise in what?
expectations of soviet population
132 of 186
what did these expectations not being fulfilled sometimes show about apparent soviet stability?
could be undermined
133 of 186
nervous reactoin to what is an indication soviet gov feared social instability?
developments in satellite states
134 of 186
when was there a hungarian uprising>
'56
135 of 186
which resulted in what to maintain rule?
soviet tank intervention
136 of 186
soviet military intervention also used in czechoslovakia in which year?
'68
137 of 186
but soviet intervention was avoided in poland in which ear?
'80
138 of 186
when polish government did what to prop up communist regime?
declared martial law
139 of 186
what were polish protests over?
food prices
140 of 186
and echoed many issues causing what in soviet union iself?
discontent
141 of 186
what was rare in soviet union but did occur?
open protest from workers' discontent
142 of 186
usually caused by what?
changes to working / living conts
143 of 186
but tended to encompass what that gov could be responsible for?
wider aspects of life
144 of 186
EVIDENCE OF PROTEST
GDFG
145 of 186
serious unrest in Temirtau (no, not tiramisu as it may first appear) in which year?
'59
146 of 186
this was a new industrial centre where?
kazakhstan
147 of 186
party encouraged who to flock to the town?
young komsomol members
148 of 186
why?
help build new metal works
149 of 186
many responded but enthusiasm quickly dented why?
appaling living condts / lack clean water
150 of 186
to add they found who @ site were being paid more than them?
GDR + polish workters
151 of 186
in protest what did the young workers do?
burn down canteen and hang local police chief
152 of 186
what was used to restore order?
kgb
153 of 186
nd what happened to several dozen protesters?
killed
154 of 186
wave of protests over food prices in which year?
'62
155 of 186
when gov increased price of which two products?
meat / dairy
156 of 186
@ novocherkassk why did this develop into serious unrest?
wages were reduced @ same time
157 of 186
who did workers blame?
gov + khrushchev in particular
158 of 186
what was their slogan?
'cut up khrushchev for sausages'
159 of 186
at least how many killed before order restored
70
160 of 186
how was seriousness of affari indicated?
presidium members sent there to investigate
161 of 186
what was rushed there to quell further unrest?
extra food supplies
162 of 186
strikes over housing provision in kiev in which year?
'69
163 of 186
whenw as there a bomb on the moscow metro?
'77
164 of 186
when was there an assassination attempt against brezhnev
'69
165 of 186
what happened?
motorcade shot at
166 of 186
but what did assassin do?
shoot @ wrong car and kill driver > brezhnev
167 of 186
what was assassisn's cause explained as?
mental unstability
168 of 186
terrorist incidents therefore didn't indicate what?
broader revolutionary conspiracy
169 of 186
SOCIAL PROBLEMS IN SOCIAL COHESION
DGD
170 of 186
wwii killed many men which resulted in what back home for next generation?
growing up with no father
171 of 186
lack good role models for men possiby one of causes for what in ussr?
high divorce rate
172 of 186
in '79 what % marriages ended in divorce/
34%
173 of 186
alcoholism especially amng whow as a big problem?
men
174 of 186
between '40 and '80 soviet population grew by what %?
25%
175 of 186
and alcohol consumption increased by what %?
600%
176 of 186
est how many alcoholics in ussr in '87?
20m
177 of 186
what stupid word was cause of concern but never on scale of rest of world?
hooliganism
178 of 186
what did moscow communters complain about in '70s?
being robbed on evening trains by young
179 of 186
in '75 gov introduced one year course on what?
'principles of the soviet state and law'
180 of 186
to mae soviet citizens aware of wht?
obligations
181 of 186
what were the nonconformist called?
stilyagi
182 of 186
what about them worried older generation?
liking of music of protest / nonconformist fashion
183 of 186
what basis threatened social stability?
basis in economic efficiency
184 of 186
there was employment and considerable welfsre provisions but what was itbased on?
poor productivity and dcorrupt practices
185 of 186
could this system be sustained?
nope
186 of 186

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Card 2

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which led khrushchev to announce they could now enjoy benefits of socialism in what year?

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'61

Card 3

Front

progress was tangible enough for brezhnev to tlk about move to what?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

developed socialism was a term applied to what?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

what were these values?

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