ussr ; economy ; stalin ; recovery from war

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IMPACT OF WWII ON SOVIET ECONOMY
DFF
1 of 102
what exact date did the german invasion of ussr begin?
22nd june '41
2 of 102
what about the economy whas an integral feature of the stalinist system?
centralisation
3 of 102
proved effective in doint what?
mobilising resources for war
4 of 102
at local level what were set up to co-ordinate war production?
Defence Committees
5 of 102
what happened to factories?
quickly converted to production of war materials
6 of 102
in moscow children's bicycle factory was converted into factory for what?
flame throwers
7 of 102
what happened to whole factories?
evacuated to safer areas un east away from invading germans
8 of 102
what initially happened to industrial output after invasion?
collapsed
9 of 102
after '41 what happened to soviet industrial production?
rose imperessively if unevenly
10 of 102
between '43-'45 how many tanks were produced?
73,000
11 of 102
and aircraft?
94,000
12 of 102
economy did find some products to be beyond capability for example what specifically?
tinned meat inc. spam
13 of 102
which was imported from britain under what scheme?
lend-lease
14 of 102
where what happened?
supplies given and payment deferred
15 of 102
as economy produced large amounts military hardware production of what was virtually non-existent?
consumer goods (shocker)
16 of 102
by end of war damage of where had reduced overall production?
nazi-occupied areas
17 of 102
steel production had fallen to how much in '45?
12m tonnes
18 of 102
compared to how much in '40/
18m
19 of 102
oil production what fraction of '40 production?
2/3
20 of 102
and wood production?
1/2
21 of 102
agriculture in desperte because what happened to most-able bodied men in collectives?
conscripted to army
22 of 102
and what was requisitioned by red army?
machinery and draft aninaks
23 of 102
what was grain output in '40
95m tonnes
24 of 102
and what in '42?
30m tonnes
25 of 102
and what happened to the number of cattle?
halved
26 of 102
in these circumstances what did governemnt lift restrictions on?
cultivation of private plots
27 of 102
to provide what?
incentive for peasants to keep up production
28 of 102
by end of war much of where was devastated?
west ussr
29 of 102
how many were homeless?
25m ppl
30 of 102
over how many towns classified 'destroyed;?
1,700
31 of 102
and how many villages?
70,000
32 of 102
FOURTH FIVE-YEAR PLAN ('46-'50): ECONOMIC RECONSTRUCTION
DFGD
33 of 102
what was priority of gov to do asap?
bring about economic reconversion and reconstruction
34 of 102
many factories that had been converted in wartime needed to do what?
reconvert back to civilian production
35 of 102
what needed to be rebuilt?
large industrial palnts
36 of 102
to achieve these aims what was reinforced?
rigid state control
37 of 102
process made more difficult because of the end of which wartime scheme?
lend-lease
38 of 102
one advantage was that ussr could now exploit what?
control over ebloc
39 of 102
much region fallen into whose hands?
red army
40 of 102
after defeat of?
nazi gernamy
41 of 102
large amounts of what were finessed from east germany?
machinery
42 of 102
why?
reparations for war damage
43 of 102
though once transported to ussr what happened to it?
left to rust
44 of 102
wh?
nobody knew how to reassemble
45 of 102
what were signed with new soviet-dominated governments?
trade agreements
46 of 102
what kind of advantage was there from this?
once soided to ussr
47 of 102
so badly that they amounted to little more than?
economic exploitation
48 of 102
in general though economic reconstruction to be based largely on efforts of who with what resources?
soviet ppl with soviet resources
49 of 102
what were the years of the fourth five-year plan?
'46-'50
50 of 102
which set up programme of?
reconstruction
51 of 102
and aimed to do what to economy?
restore to pre-war levels
52 of 102
what recovered quickly?
industrial production
53 of 102
helped largely by use of voer how many gulag slave labourers?
2 million
54 of 102
what governmentally was a strong factor in quick results?
central planning
55 of 102
what was government able to redirect for construction purposes?
wartime labour
56 of 102
what were retraining programmes effective at ensuring?
workers had basic skills for jobs now in demand
57 of 102
what remained harsh?
penalties for slackers
58 of 102
what was focus placed on?
heavy industry
59 of 102
with production of what achieving special attention?
armaments
60 of 102
what two industries were especially successfuk?
metal industry and heavy engineering
61 of 102
what happened to plan?
overfulfilled
62 of 102
but what industries remained neglected?
consumer (surprising, right?)
63 of 102
what had economy returned to about '30s?
priorities
64 of 102
reinforced by failure to adopt what?
new technology
65 of 102
like developments in which two industries?
chemical and plastics
66 of 102
FIFTH FIVE-YEAR PLAN
dfghfg
67 of 102
in what years?
'51-'55
68 of 102
achieved growth at what rate?
slower and more realistic
69 of 102
emergence of what resulted in increase of arms expenditure?
cold war
70 of 102
as what budget increased year by year?
military
71 of 102
what was growth in other industries like?
less impressive
72 of 102
large amounts of resources were duverted into building of what kind of projects?
grandiose with little economic value
73 of 102
what was the canal called?
volga-don canal
74 of 102
which carried very little what?
actual traffic
75 of 102
but was adorned wiht?
many a statue of stalin (because that's the important thing. right?)
76 of 102
what was there construction of in moscow?
large government buildings
77 of 102
using resources that would have been better allocated to?
housing shortage
78 of 102
from '48 what in towns started to recover?
living standards
79 of 102
what reductions eased conditions?
price reductions
80 of 102
and from '52 what level did real wages for urban workers reach?
'28 levels
81 of 102
what about conditions in countryside?
recovered much slower
82 of 102
AGRICULTURE
DFGDG
83 of 102
in war why had government given some concessions to peasants
sustain food production
84 of 102
what system was promoted?
'link'
85 of 102
meaning small groups were given responsibility for what?
areas within collective farm
86 of 102
as long as food targets were met what could happen?
peasants could sell surplus
87 of 102
when war over what was quickly abolished as gov tried to reassert control?
link system
88 of 102
what were taxes raised on in a bid to reduce their importance?
private plots
89 of 102
what concentrated suprervision of agricultural resources into hands of party?
machine and tractor stations
90 of 102
in the country during and after war why was the gender imbalance more pronounced?
all able-bodied men had gone to war or moved to towns
91 of 102
even as late as 1850 what was it possible to find?
all female / children villages
92 of 102
shortages of livestock added to this problem meaning what?
women often had little choice but to shackle themselves to ploughs to till soil
93 of 102
a drought in which year made this worse?
'46
94 of 102
and even in what year was grain production lower than that of 1940?
'52
95 of 102
in attempt to improve productivity what did khrushchev suggest in '49?
creating larger collectives
96 of 102
because it'd make it easier to do wat?
use large-scale machinery
97 of 102
it would also make collectives easier to?
control
98 of 102
what was khrushchev's role in government in '49?
party secretary for moscow province
99 of 102
by '52 over how many larger collectives had been made?
100,000
100 of 102
was this popular with the peasants?
no
101 of 102
what was stalin's plan of utilising large areas of semi-desert regions that remoained ineffective after he died?
planting trees in them
102 of 102

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

what exact date did the german invasion of ussr begin?

Back

22nd june '41

Card 3

Front

what about the economy whas an integral feature of the stalinist system?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

proved effective in doint what?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

at local level what were set up to co-ordinate war production?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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