ussr ; control of the ppl ; personality cults

?
what happened in cult of personality of soviet leaders?
qualities and achievements highlighted
1 of 126
what did focus on individual leaders go against?
socialist emphasis on collective
2 of 126
one of stalin rule features that led trotsky to accuse him of what?
betraying the revolution
3 of 126
of turning dictatorship of proletariat into what?
personal dictatorship
4 of 126
khrushchev also used this accusation as part of his criticism in what event of what year?
secret speech of '56
5 of 126
yet by '64 when khrushchev was dismissed what was one accusation against him?
he' made his own cult of personality
6 of 126
did brezhnev have more or less personal power than these two?
less
7 of 126
but wat did cult give him?
appearance and trappings of power
8 of 126
WHY CULT USED?
FHF
9 of 126
cult used to reinforce what about leaders?
personal power
10 of 126
and detach them from what?
collective leadership exercised in theory of politburo
11 of 126
thus cult became useful tool for individual leaders wanting to do what?
raise power and status above colleagues
12 of 126
soviet gov developed how many personality cults in '20 and '30?
two
13 of 126
for who?
lenin and stalin
14 of 126
as soon as lenin buried he was being hailed as what?
hero of the revolution
15 of 126
what three things contained endless images of stalin?
cinema / newspapers / statues
16 of 126
his likeness was used to motivate population to do what?
imitate his committment to revolution
17 of 126
what is the most striking example of use of lenin as focus for politicalness on display?
embalming of his body in red square mausoleum
18 of 126
what was petrograd renamed?
leningrad
19 of 126
when?
'24
20 of 126
what were evidence of this large support for lenin that the gov jus tbuilt on?
the long queues to see his embaling
21 of 126
thru soviet union cult of lenin was used by successive leaders to do what?
support claim they were legitimate heirs of lenin and socialist order
22 of 126
other cult tha developed was that of?
stalin
23 of 126
who actively promoted himself as what?
active defender of lenin
24 of 126
which was useful to reinforce which of stalin's claim?
that he was lenin's rightful successor
25 of 126
CULT OF STALIN
DGD
26 of 126
this linked him to lenin which highlighted what?
his loyalty to the lenin legacy in hs want for power in the '20s
27 of 126
and was a way of reinforcing what in the '30s?
his personal dictatorship
28 of 126
- key features of the cult of stalin
gfgdfgdf
29 of 126
in first stage attempts were made to highlight links between?
stalin and lenin (shocker)
30 of 126
even when?
none existed
31 of 126
what was stalin presented as to lenin?
closest olleague
32 of 126
a hero of what?
civil war
33 of 126
and then saviour of revolution in face of its assault from who?
leftists and rightists
34 of 126
who was removed from photos and pictures?
trotsky
35 of 126
what was the town of tsaritsyn renamed?
stalingrad
36 of 126
as early as which year?
'25
37 of 126
what slogan became used by erryman in the party?
'stalin is the lenin of today'
38 of 126
soon after lenin's death in what year?
'24
39 of 126
in '30s images of stalin were used to reinforce his power by giving impression of him being what?
all-present and all-knowing leader
40 of 126
artists set to work presenting images of who?
'the big hero'
41 of 126
portraits of him the rough georgian peasant made him look like what?
a filmstar
42 of 126
images presented him as which three things for socialism?
benefactor / inspiration / defender
43 of 126
paintings identified him with achievements of what?
five-year plans
44 of 126
e.g him posing where in '35?
the ryon hydro-electric complex
45 of 126
pictures of him with children were common emphasising his rose as what?
father figure
46 of 126
what were children often doing in the photos?
presenting him with flowers and always looking up to him
47 of 126
posters of stalin in what were common in wwii?
miliary uniform
48 of 126
images of stalin infront of masses of troops and military hardware conveyed what message?
that he was the defender of mother russia
49 of 126
propaganda posters of stalin with workers and peasants also hoghlighted stalin as?
man of the ppl
50 of 126
which was ironic bc what did he rarely do after '30?
meet the average soviet citizen
51 of 126
yet how is stalin presented as a down-to-earth man?
plain clothes smoking a pipe being happy
52 of 126
what about this had an intimidating impact on the public?
sheer number of images in paintings / photos / statues
53 of 126
n official biographies what happened with stalin's early life?
embellished and quite often invented
54 of 126
what was his family in georgia turned into?
shrine
55 of 126
what was invented for him?
happy family
56 of 126
with stalin presented as a?
devoted son
57 of 126
despite the fact he only saw his mother how many times in 40yrs?
3
58 of 126
and often referred to her as the?
'old whore'
59 of 126
what bok was published in '38?
History of the All-Union Communist Party
60 of 126
that did what for stalin?
gave him prominent role in all policy developments since lenin's death
61 of 126
what did this book become known as?
Short Course
62 of 126
nd according to this what had stalin's role been essential in doing?
saving revolution
63 of 126
less history rather what?
piyaa hagiography
64 of 126
with stalin presented as what
genius to be praised
65 of 126
when did an official biography of stalin by alexandrov follow?
'47
66 of 126
stalin gathered increasingly ridiculous titles such as?
'brilliant genius of humanity' and 'gardener of human happiness'
67 of 126
what were poets used to do?
add to quantity of material praising stalin
68 of 126
one typical example was what poem by izakvosky?
'song about stalin'
69 of 126
what happened to records of speeches by stalin?
hurriedly produced and distributed to all of ussr
70 of 126
what were erected in most cities and towns?
statues of stalin
71 of 126
giving him the stature of who?
tsar alexander iii (one of talledst russian leaders)
72 of 126
how tall was stalin?
5 ft 6
73 of 126
what other medium was used to highlight stalin's prominent role in events?
films for cinema
74 of 126
what actor made a career out of playing stalin?
mikhail gilovani
75 of 126
what did the film the fall of berlin depict?
stalin's role in the fall of berlin to the red army
76 of 126
in what year?
'45
77 of 126
when was this movie released?
'50
78 of 126
in the film what happened when stalin got to berlin by plane?
rapturous welcome
79 of 126
when in reality what did stalin rarely do?
fly
80 of 126
and didn't do what until after wwii?
visit berlin
81 of 126
by late '40s what proved stalin's cult was soooooo different to his reality?
officials often didn't recognise him walking araound the kremlin
82 of 126
in '53 what had happened to many towns?
been renamed after stalin
83 of 126
what canal carried v little traffic but was adorned with statues of stalin?
volga-don canal
84 of 126
certainly by end of what event had there been genuine support for stalin?
wwii
85 of 126
even those that didn't like stalin still did what?
had gr8 respect for him as a leader
86 of 126
telling that even who wept when they heard of stalin's death?
gulag prisoners
87 of 126
CULT OF KHRUSHCHEV
GDGDF
88 of 126
when did khrushchev denounce stalin's use of cult of personality and in which year?
secret speech '56
89 of 126
what political use did K have for denouncing stalin's cult?
furthering destalinisation
90 of 126
however there were also advantages for khrushchev to do what?
develop his own cult
91 of 126
for khrushchev cult allowed him to be seen as?
more important party leader
92 of 126
especially after what had happned with power originally after '53?
he'd shared with malenkov
93 of 126
also suited his style of leaderhsip which involved him doing what
meeting with soviet citiens
94 of 126
what were good photo opps for him?
visiting peasants on collectives
95 of 126
this developed into adulation through what?
articles / books / posters
96 of 126
k's publicity increased when he appt who editor of izvestiya?
his son in law alexei adzhubei
97 of 126
development of cult partially reflected what about khrushchev?
egotistical personality
98 of 126
his use of radio / cinema / tv for self- publicity took what kind of turn after failures mojunted?
desperate
99 of 126
what di khrushchev stop short of doing?
commissioning bigraphy
100 of 126
but his cult was evident enough to be one of the reasons for what?
dismissal in '64
101 of 126
CULT OF BREZHNEV
EFGDFG
102 of 126
cult useful for brezhnev after '64 as he wished to emerge as what slogan?
'first among equals'
103 of 126
i power struggle with which two ppl after khrushchev's removla?
kosygin adn podgorny
104 of 126
but his cult less method for securing power and more?
substitute for real power
105 of 126
what was a key reason for brezhnev's popularity as a leader?
reluctance to bring about change
106 of 126
brezhnev was content with trappings of power especially what?
medals he won
107 of 126
what was the soviet joke about brezhnev and his medals?
he was having his chest expanded to fit all the medals
108 of 126
he was awarded @ least how many?
100
109 of 126
including lenin prize for literature for what?
his ******* memoirs
110 of 126
poorly written account that greatly exggerated what?
his role in wwii
111 of 126
brezhnev was arware of the ridiculous aspects of his cult but it didn't affectwhat?
his popularity
112 of 126
what did he say about it himself?
'if they're poking fun at me, it means they like me'
113 of 126
personality cult became more practical after what year?
'75
114 of 126
why?
health deteriorated
115 of 126
series of what left him incapacitated?
strokes + heart attacks
116 of 126
the last how many years of brezhnev's life has it been claimed he was clinically dead?
6
117 of 126
w/ leader unable to function, cult @ least provided what?
appearance of leader for population
118 of 126
ADVANTAGES OF CULT FOR PARTY
FGH
119 of 126
useful to have what?
one person to focus all loyalty and unity on
120 of 126
especially during what events of stlain;s rule?
5yps and war
121 of 126
what did cult provide for socialism?
human face
122 of 126
which remained rather abstract concept to who?
poorly educated russian
123 of 126
cult made use of what about russains?
traditional attitudes
124 of 126
population used to expressing loyalty to country through one person during rule of?
tsars
125 of 126
cult also filled gap resulting in severe restrifctions on?
religion
126 of 126

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

what did focus on individual leaders go against?

Back

socialist emphasis on collective

Card 3

Front

one of stalin rule features that led trotsky to accuse him of what?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

of turning dictatorship of proletariat into what?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

khrushchev also used this accusation as part of his criticism in what event of what year?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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