1. resources that form without human input and come from the earth, or air
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2. What are renewable resources
2. Materials that form at a similar or faster rate than we use them. e.g- wood, water and fresh food
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3. What is a finite resource?
3. materials that are not replaceable (non-renewable) e.g fossil fuels, nuclear fuel, metal ores
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4. What is sustainable development?
4. development that takes account of the needs of the preset without damaging the lives for future generations
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5. What is bioleaching?
5. bacteria converts low grade ore to a leachate solution containing copper ions. the copper can be extracted by electrolysis or displacement with scrap iron
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6. What is phytomining?
6. Plants will take in copper from the soil. The plants are burnt and the copper ends up in the ash. The copper can then be extracted by electrolysis or displacement with scrap iron
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7. Why is recycling metals important?
7. Recycling uses a lot less energy, saves finite resources and reduces waste to landfill
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8. What is life cycle assessment (LCA)?
8. assesses the impact a product has on the environment during its lifetime
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9. What are the 4 stages of an LCA?
9. getting raw materials, manufacture and packaging, using the product and disposal of the product
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10. What is potable water?
10. it is water that is safe to drink. Not too much dissolved salt, has a pH of between 6.5 and 8.5 and no microbes
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11. How do we treat ground water to make it safe to drink?
11. wire mesh filters twigs, sand beds to remove other solid impurities, chlorine, ozone or UV light sterilises (kills microbes)
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12. How do we get potable water in very dry countries?
12. Desalinate (to remove the salt) seawater by distillation (evaporation followed by condensation)
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13. Potable water required practical
13. test the pH of the water. Add acid or alkali until pH 7. Evaporate and condense (distillation) the water. if there are crystals left then salts were present in the original water sample
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14. what are the problems with getting potable water from reverse osmosis and distillation?
14. uses lots of energy, expensive, not practical for producing lots of potable water
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15. Where does the water from your toilet go when you flush?
15. goes into the sewers and then goes to a sewage treatment plant
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16. Where else does waste water come from
16. farms (agriculture, industrial processes
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17. what is stage e one and stage two of sewage treatment
17. screening to move remove twigs + plastic and sedimentation separates sludge (solid) and effluent (liquid)
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18. what happens to the effluent from the sewage?
18. aerobic respiration- air is pumped into the effluent and aerobic bacteria breakdown organic matter
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19. what happens to the sludge from the sewage?
19. anaerboic digestion- breaks down organic matter releasing methane (energy source) and the waste can be used as fertiliser
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
2. What are renewable resources
Back
2. Materials that form at a similar or faster rate than we use them. e.g- wood, water and fresh food
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