List atleast 4 benefits of genetic modification for humans?
1. Increasing yield from animals or plant crops. 2. Improving resistance to disease/pests. 3. Developing tolerance to environmental conditions.
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How have antibiotics been affected by genetic modification?
1. Antibiotics - produced naturally by bacteria. Genetic engineering has allowed us to increase numbers of antibiotics.
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How have hormones been affected by genetic modification?
Insulin can be cloned so that humans with diabetes can simply inject insulin.
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How have enzymes been affected by genetic modification?
Many enzymes in the food industry are manufactured by genetically modified bacteria.
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Give an example of a genetically modified plant?
A GM tomatoe - been developed using the insertion of a gene which allows the tomatoe to develop flowers without the issue of 'turning soft' and therefore there are no problems regarding transporting and storing fruit.
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What are herbicide resistant crops?
They have a gene inserted that makes them resistant to a specific herbicide so that when it is sprayed it kills the surrounding weeds but not that crop.
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What are disease resistant crops?
Crops that have genes introduced that give resistance to specific diseases. Genetically modified rice for example can withstand infection.
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What are pest resistant crops?
Crops that have a gene inserted that allows them to produce a toxin.
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Give an example of a genetically modified animal?
Using goats to produce antithrombin. The gene for antithrombin is inserted alongside the gene that codes for proteins in the goats milk, in this way anti-thrombin is produced in the milk of the goat.
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What does lack of anti-thrombin mean?
It prevents blood from clotting, so if a person cannot produce anti-thrombin then they are at risk of developing blood clots.
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Explain the process of inserting the anti-thrombin gene into a goat?
1. Mature eggs are removed from goats and fertilised. 2.Normal gene for anti-thrombin production from a human is added to fertilised eggs alongside gene that codes for proteins in milk. 4.The eggs are transplanted into goat. 5Anti-thrombin is in milk
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
How have antibiotics been affected by genetic modification?
Back
1. Antibiotics - produced naturally by bacteria. Genetic engineering has allowed us to increase numbers of antibiotics.
Card 3
Front
How have hormones been affected by genetic modification?
Back
Card 4
Front
How have enzymes been affected by genetic modification?
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