Cognitive defintions

Key word definitions

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  • Created by: Rebekah
  • Created on: 16-02-14 16:30
Information Processing
Processing information in the brain.
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Retrieval
Process of recalling a stored memory.
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Forgetting
The mind failing to remember information or an event.
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Storage
Retrievable data on any electric system.
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Encoding
The process of placing an experience into a form that can be used and stored in the memory system.
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Engram
Memory trace that causes a physical change to the neural architecture to the txain.
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IV
Independent Variable. The experimenter can changed/manipulate. Has a direct effect on the DV.
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DV
Dependent Variable. The experimenter measures this after changing the IV.
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Participant Variables
personality, age, intelligence
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Experimenter Variables
body language, tone of voice, bias
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Situational Variables
time of day, heat, demand characteristics, order effects
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Labratory experiments
Carried out under controlled conditions to prove/demonstrate a known truth/result. High internal validity but low external validity. Because of high controls the causality is usually clear. Artifical tasks = lacks mundane realism.
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Field experiments
A scientific method to examine intervention in the real world. Low inerntal validity but hight external validity. Because of low controls the causality is usually unclear. Realistic tasks and settings = high mundane realism.
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Nominal level data
Names
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Ordinal level data
Data with an ordering - ranking 0-10
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Interval level data / ratio
Mathematical scores
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Natural experiment
An observational study in which the assignments of treatment to subjects have been lacking any organisation.
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Directional Hypothesis
A prediction of the study findings that indicates the direction of the results.
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Non-directional Hypothesis
The hypothesis predicts a difference or relationship but does not give the direction of the difference or relationship.
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Repeated Measures
Measurements are taken twice or more in the same experiment and the same participants are used for each condition.
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Matched Pairs
Different participants for each part of a study but matching those participants on important variables such as age and gender
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Independent Groups
Using separate groups of participants - one in each condition.
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Demand Characteristics
Occue when PPs guess or can work out what the experiment is about
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Process of recalling a stored memory.

Back

Retrieval

Card 3

Front

The mind failing to remember information or an event.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Retrievable data on any electric system.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

The process of placing an experience into a form that can be used and stored in the memory system.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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