Unit 4 Nomenclature and isomerism 2.0 / 5 based on 1 rating ? ChemistryBonding & shapesA2/A-levelAQA Created by: Rhiannon KayCreated on: 15-12-12 14:14 What is an acid chloride? compound with the suffix -oly chloride and has a double bond O and cl on the last C 1 of 16 What is an acid anhydride? compound with the sufix -oic anhydride and has a single bond O between two Cs and a double bond O on each of said Cs 2 of 16 What is a Nitro functional group? compound with the prefix ntiro- and contains a N with 2 Os in 3 of 16 What is a Phenyl funtional group? compound with the prefix phenyl- and contains a benzene ring 4 of 16 What is a secondary amine? compounds with the name N-alkylamino and contains a N-H-R 5 of 16 What is a tertiary amine? compounds with the name N,N-dialkylamino- and contains a N bonded to 2 Rs 6 of 16 How do you name a cyclic compound? add the prefix cylco- to the name of the carbon chain that forms the ring 7 of 16 How do cycloalkanes exhibit geometric isomerisms? When two adjacent double bonded carbon atoms in the cycloalkanes have two different groups attached. This will lead to cis and trans isomers 8 of 16 How are the carbons numbered on a cycloalkane? The numbering starts on the principle functional group 9 of 16 What can be measured using a polarimeter? the optical activity of compounds that have the ability to rotate the plane of a plane-polarised light 10 of 16 What must an optically active compound have? a chiral carbon atom that has four different functional groups attached which will cause the compound to have no center of symmetry 11 of 16 What must the two optical isomers of an optically active compound be? non-superimposable mirror images of each other and have the same chemical properties, but often react differently in biological systems 12 of 16 What is a racemic mixture? a mixture containing equal concentrations of both optical isomers. there is no net rotation of plane-polarised light 13 of 16 What are Diastereomers? stereoisomeric structures that are not enantiomers 14 of 16 What is tautomerism? where 2 isomeric forms of a compound form a dynamic equilibrium due to the changing position of an atom or feature 15 of 16 Where does the equilibrium occur in a keto-enol taut? between a ketone and an alkene with an OH group 16 of 16
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