The minimum energy that a particle needs in order to react
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Aldehyde
An organic compound with general formula RCHO where there is a C=O bond
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Allotropes
Pure elements which can exist in different physical forms in which their atoms are arranged differently
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Atom economy
mass of desired product/total mass of reactants x100
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Bond dissociation enthalpy
The enthalpy change required to break a covalent bond with all species in a gaseous state
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Carbon-neutral
A process in which as much carbon dioxide is absorbed from the air as is given out
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Disproportionation
Describes a redox reaction in which the oxidation number of some atoms of a particular element increases and that of other atoms of the same element deceases
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Dynamic Equillibrium
A situation in which the rate of the forward reaction = the rate of the backward reaction
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Electronegativity
The power of an atom to attract the electron density towards itself
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Electrophile
An electron-defficient atom, ion or molecule that attack areas of high electron density within another reactant
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Enthalpy change
a measure of heat energy given out or taken in when a chemical or physical change occurs at constant pressure
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Heterogeneous Catalyst
A catalyst that is in a different phase to the reactants
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Homogeneous Catalyst
A catalyst that is in the same phase as the reactants
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Ionisation Energy
The energy required to remove one mole of electrons from one mole of atoms of an element in its gaseous state
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Ketone
General formula is R2CO with a C=O bond
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Mean bond enthalpy
The average value of the bond dissociation enthalpy for a given type of bond taken from a range of compounds
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Oxidation State
The number of electrons lost or gained by an atom compared ot the uncombined atom
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Oxidising agent
A reagent that removes electrons from another species
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Reducing agent
a reagent that adds electrons to another species
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Specific heat capacity
The amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1g of substance by 1K
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Standard molar enthalpy change of combustion
The amount of heat given out when 1 mole of a substance is completely burned in oxygen with all reactants and product in their standard states
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Standard molar enthalpy change of formation
The heat change when 1 mole of substance is formed from its elements with all the reactants and products in their standard states
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
An organic compound with general formula RCHO where there is a C=O bond
Back
Aldehyde
Card 3
Front
Pure elements which can exist in different physical forms in which their atoms are arranged differently
Back
Card 4
Front
mass of desired product/total mass of reactants x100
Back
Card 5
Front
The enthalpy change required to break a covalent bond with all species in a gaseous state
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