When electrons are transferred from one atom to another.
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Why do atoms form ionic bond?
So they both get a full outer shell.
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What holds the atoms together after the transfer of electrons?
The electrostatic forces of the oppositely charged atoms.
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Give two examples of an ionic compound.
Sodium chloride and magnesium oxide.
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What sort of structure does sodium chloride form?
A giant ionic lattice.
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Give three properties of ionic compounds.
Conduct electricity when molten or dissolved, high melting points and dissolve in water.
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Why do ionic compounds have high melting points?
Takes a lot of energy to overcome the electrostatic forces.
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Why do ionic compounds dissolve in water?
Water is polar, so it can rip off ions from the lattice.
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What is a covalent bond?
When two or more atoms share their electrons in their outer shell.
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Does a dot and cross diagram show ionic or covalent bonding?
Ionic because it shows the transfer.
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what is another name for a giant covalent structure?
Macromolecular structures.
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Give 5 properties of graphite.
Weak bonds between layers, conducts electricity, low density, high melting point, insoluble
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Give 5 properties of Diamond.
Very high melting point, very hard, good thermal conductor, cant conduct electricity, wont dissolve in any solvent.
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What is a dative covalent bond?
Where both of the bonding electrons come from one atom.
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What does the shape of an atom depend on?
The electron pairs around the central atom.
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What is the strongest angle?
Lone pair/lone pair
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Second strongest angle?
Lone pair/bonding pair
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third strongest angle?
bonding pair/bonding pair
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What is electro negativity?
The ability for an atom to attract the bonding pair in a covalent bond.
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What is polarisation?
When the most electronegative atom attracts the electrons so that side becomes slightly negative charged and other side becomes slightly positive.
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Name the three intermolecular forces.
Van Der Waals, Permanent dipole-dipole and hydrogen bonds.
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What happens to the wan der waals when there is a bigger electron cloud?
The strength of the van der waals increases,
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Why do greater surface areas increase van der waals forces?
More of the electron cloud is exposed.
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Why do larger molecules have stronger van der waals forces?
they have largest electron clouds.
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Hydrogen bonds only occur between what elements?
Fluorine, nitrogen and oxygen.
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Why these atoms?
Most electro negatitve so polarised bond, and hydrogen has high charge density because its small so it can form weak bonds with lone pairs of the 3 atoms.
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Which groups are in the D block?
1 and 2 (including transmission)
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What is the electron configuration for krypton?
1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^10 4p^6
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Does atomic radii increase of decrease across the period?
Decreases because electrons are pulled closer to the nucleus as proton number increases.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Why do atoms form ionic bond?
Back
So they both get a full outer shell.
Card 3
Front
What holds the atoms together after the transfer of electrons?
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