Unit 1 Module 1

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Explain what is meant by the term isotopes.
Atoms of an element with different number of neutrons, but the same number of electrons and protons. (also have different masses)
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What is used as the standard measurement of relative isotopic mass?
1 mole of carbon-12.
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State what is meant by the term covalent bond.
A shared pair of electrons.
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Define, in words, the term 'first ionisation energy'.
The energy required to remove one electron from each atom in one mole of gaseous atoms to form one mole of gaseous 1+ ions.
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The first ionisation energy of oxygen is less than the first ionisation energy of fluorine. Explain why.
Oxygen has one less proteon than fluorine, giving it a smaller nuclear charge. As there is a smaller nuclear attraction on the outermost electrons in oxygen, oxygens atomic radius is smaller than fluorine, making the electron easier to remove.
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Write the formula aluminium nitrate (V)
Al(NO3)3
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State a compound of magnesium that could be used to treat heartburn.
Magnesium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide
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What is meant by the term 'hydrated' calcium chloride?
Contains water of crystallisation
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Explain what is meant by the term 'orbital'.
A region within an atom that can hold up to two electrons with an opposite spin.
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How many full orbitals are in an atom of sulfur?
7
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What is meant by 'one mole of substance'?
The amount of substance which contains as many particles as there are carbon atoms in 12g of carbon-12.
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Explain what is meant by the term 'periodicity'.
A repeating pattern of properties shown across different periods.
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In terms of sub atomic particles, how would atoms of 120Sn differ from atoms of 118Sn?
120Sn has two more neutrons than an atoms of 118Sn would.
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State the formulae of two ions released when sulfuric acid is in aqueous solution.
H+, SO4(-2 charge)
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How many electrons are there in one ion of Ca2+?
18
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State the total number of electrons occupying the p orbitals in one chlorine atom.
11
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Explain why fluorine has a low boiling point.
Fluorine only has Van Der Waals forces holding the molecules together, which are weak, and easy to break with only a small amount of thermal energy.
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Explain why lithium fluoride conducts electricity when molten, but not when solid.
Lithium fluoride is ionically bonded. Ions cannot move in a solid, when molten the ions are free to move and conduct electricity.
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Explain why NF3 has a permanent dipole.
FONCls, fluorine (F) is more electronegative than nitrogen (N), creating a permanent dipole.NF3 creates a pyramidal/non symmetrical shape.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is used as the standard measurement of relative isotopic mass?

Back

1 mole of carbon-12.

Card 3

Front

State what is meant by the term covalent bond.

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Define, in words, the term 'first ionisation energy'.

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

The first ionisation energy of oxygen is less than the first ionisation energy of fluorine. Explain why.

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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