electrons that are shared between more than two atoms
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Addition reaction
reaction in which a reactant is added to an unsaturated molecule to make a saturated molecule
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substitution reaction
reaction in which an atom or group of atoms is replaced with a different atom or group of atoms
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electrophile
atom or group of atoms that is attracted to an electron-rich centre where it accepts a pair of electrons to form a new covalent bond
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electrophilic substitution
type of substitution reaction in which an electrophile is attracted to an electron-rich centre or atom where it accepts a pair of electrons to form a new covalent bond
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reaction mechanism
series of steps that together make up the overall reaction
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electronegativity
a measure of the attraction between of a bonded atom for the pair of electrons in a covalent bond
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curly arrow
a symbol used in reaction mechanisms to show the movement of an electron pair in the breaking or formation of covalent bonds
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functional group
the part of an organic molecule responsibilities for its chemical reactions
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stem
the longest carbon chain present in an organic molecule
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suffix
the part of the name added after the stem
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redox reaction
reaction in which both reduction and oxidation take place
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nucleophile
an atom or group of atoms attracted to an electron-deficient centre where it donates a pair of electrons to form a new covalent bond
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esterification
the reaction of an alcohol with a carboxylic acid to produce an ester and water
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hydrolysis
reaction with water or hydroxide ions that breaks a chemical compound into two compounds
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llow-density lipoprotein
responsible for carrying cholesterol and triglycerides from the liver to the tissues
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high-density lipoprotein
can remove cholesterol from the arteries and transport it back to the liver for excretion or re-utilisation
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
reaction in which a reactant is added to an unsaturated molecule to make a saturated molecule
Back
Addition reaction
Card 3
Front
reaction in which an atom or group of atoms is replaced with a different atom or group of atoms
Back
Card 4
Front
atom or group of atoms that is attracted to an electron-rich centre where it accepts a pair of electrons to form a new covalent bond
Back
Card 5
Front
type of substitution reaction in which an electrophile is attracted to an electron-rich centre or atom where it accepts a pair of electrons to form a new covalent bond
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