Unit 1: Families and Households - Demography

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Births: Decline in Birth Rate
Changes in the position of women - law/divorce/equality/education. Decline in IMR - high survival rates - better living conditions/heathcare. Children are an economic liability - full time education. Child centerness -family sizes decrease.
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Births: Changes in Fertility - Effects
Public Services - less schools and day care are needed. Families are richer because they have less children to provide for. Women can work more as less children to care for.
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Births: The Dependency Ratio
The Dependency Ratio reduced as there are less children to care for
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Migration: Emigration
Better economic climate, NHS, employment opportunities. Assisted passage schemes introduced for political and ideological reasons.
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Migration: Recent and Future Patterns - The Dependecny Ratio
Reduces dependency ratio as migrants usually work. Women usually have high fertility rates so it increases. Reduces average age lowering it again.
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Death: Aging Population - Effect
More one person families. Increase in dependency ratio. More public services needed. Due to declining IMR, IFR and increased life expectancy.
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Death: Decline in Death Rate
Medical improvement. Public health measures and environmental improvements. Improved nutrition increases resistance to infection.
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Death: McKeown
Argues improved nutrition accounts for half the decrease in mortality rates.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Public Services - less schools and day care are needed. Families are richer because they have less children to provide for. Women can work more as less children to care for.

Back

Births: Changes in Fertility - Effects

Card 3

Front

The Dependency Ratio reduced as there are less children to care for

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Better economic climate, NHS, employment opportunities. Assisted passage schemes introduced for political and ideological reasons.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Reduces dependency ratio as migrants usually work. Women usually have high fertility rates so it increases. Reduces average age lowering it again.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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