Unit 1
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- Created by: Dillon
- Created on: 16-05-13 20:27
What 3 memory stores make up the MSM?
Sensory Memory Store, Short Term Memory Store, Long Term Memory Store
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Sensory Memory Store?
Stores information for a fraction of a second, 3 ways to accommodate different kinds of input; iconic, echoic, haptic
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Short Term Memory Store
Only handle small amounts of information for a certain about of time, mainly stores acoustically, approx holds 7 +/- 2 items, if not rehearsed info will be lost in seconds, if it is rehearsed it goes into the LTM.
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Long Term Sensory Store
Unlimited capacity and duration, forgotten by interference, if you know and understand something it will stay in your LTM by rehearsal, encoded mainly semantically
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Who did research into the duration of STM/LTM?
Peterson and Peterson
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What did Peterson and Peterson do?
Trigrams
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Who did research into the Capacity of STM/LTM?
Jacobs and Miller reviewed it
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What did Jacobs do?
Digit Span Technique
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Who did research into the encoding of STM/LTM?
Baddeley
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What did Baddeley do?
4 sets of words ( acoustically similar + acoustically dissimilar, semantically similar + semantically dissimilar)
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Weakness of the MSM?
Case of HM, Model is over simplified, study of KF
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Strengths of the MSM?
Study of people with Alzheimers
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What 3 things are included in the WMM?
Central Executive, Phonological loop, Visuo-Spatial sketchpad
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What does the Central Executive do?
Processes from any sensory system, has a range of important control processes e.g task setting, limited capacity so uses the 2 'slave systems' to free up its space
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What does the Phonological Loop do?
Temporary storage system for verbal information in speech based form.
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What does the Visuo-Spatial Sketchpad do?
Temporary storage for holding visual or spatial information.
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Strengths of the WMM?
Explains things in the msm that are hard to comprehend, more believable than the msm as STM can be explained
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Weaknesses of the WMM?
Doesn't fully explain the job of the central executive, Doesn't take into account musical memory.
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What 3 factors affect the accuracy of EWT?
Misleading information (leading questions), Age, Anxiety.
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Research into the effect of misleading information on EWT
Loftus and Zanni ( car crash - broken headlight) , Loftus and Palmer ( car crash- estimate the speed of the car) and Loftus ( accident- the barn)
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Strengths of Loftus and Palmers research?
Can be applied to every day life and has helped to understand why mistakes are made
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Weaknesses of Loftus and Palmers research?
Not true to life (lab experiment), cannot be generalised ( lacks ecological validity) + sample bias (all participants were students)
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Research conducted into the effect of anxiety on EWT?
Loftus and Burns ( crime of boy being shot), Loftus ( the weapon effect) and Christianson and Hubbinetter (robbery)
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Research conducted into the effect of age on EWT?
Poole and Lindsey ( science experiment/book) , Flin (questioning children and adults one day after incident and 5 months after) and Yarmey ( Staged event)4
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4 techniques used in CI
context reinstatement, report everything, recall in reverse order, recall from a changed perspective
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What would participants be asked to do if context reinstatement is used?
Mentally reinstate the conext of the target event, recall the scene, weather, what they were thinking, proceeding events.
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What would participants be asked to do if report everything is used?
Report every detail of the event you recall even if it seems trivial, report what you cant remember rather than worrying about what you can't.
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What would participants be asked to do if recall from changed perspective is used?
Try to describe the episode as it would have been seen from someone elses view point. JUST NOT YOUR OWN
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What would participants be asked to do if recall in reverse order is used?
report the episode in several different temporal orders moving backwards and forwards in time.
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Studies which suggest CI doesn't increase accuracy of recall.
Kebbel (Survey of police officers), Geiselmann (children under 6 found it difficult)
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Studies which suggest CI does increase accuracy of recall.
Fisher ( trained detectives) and Milne and Ball ( tested all procedures, singly or in a combination)
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Memory improvement strategies?
Mnemonics ( peg-word, method of loci, acronym) chunking, cue words
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Sensory Memory Store?
Back
Stores information for a fraction of a second, 3 ways to accommodate different kinds of input; iconic, echoic, haptic
Card 3
Front
Short Term Memory Store
Back
Card 4
Front
Long Term Sensory Store
Back
Card 5
Front
Who did research into the duration of STM/LTM?
Back
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