Unit 4 - Life on the Margins

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  • Created by: R.Perkins
  • Created on: 14-06-16 13:37
Define food supply
the processes that describe how food from a farm, for example, ends up on our tables and relates to the goods' production, processing and distribution (chgehavard.org, 2016)
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Define food security
availability of food in a given area and the extent to which individuals can access supplies (Dunn et al, 2009)
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Define food insecurity
the state of being without reliable access to a variety of affordable and nutritious food (Oxford Dictionaries, 2016)
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Define inequality
the unfair situation in society when some people have more opportunities, resources etc than others (Cambridge Dictionaries Online, 2016)
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Define famine
a chronic shortage of food in which many people die from starvation (Witherick, 2010)
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Define surplus
Extent to which the production of goods and services exceed consumption (BusinessDictionary.com, 2016)
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The Mauritian Ministry for Agro Industry and Food Security.....
emphasised the need to diversify food production (New Agriculturalist, 2012)
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60% of Mauritian exports....
are destined for the EU (New Agriculturalist, 2012)
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Between 2005 and 2009, the EU's guaranteed sugar prices declined by.....
36% (New Agriculturalist, 2012)
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Sugar cane waste is used...
for the production of biofuels (Milton, 2013)
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In 2010, the EU earmarked 13m million Euros....
to increase the mechanisation and competitiveness of the sugar industry (New Agriculturalist, 2012)
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Partnerships with the Austrian government....
allowed for the effects of development projects to be mapped out using computer technology (BBC, 1992)
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The government has pushed for self sufficiency since the 2008 food riots....
They are now 100% self sufficient in fresh vegetables (New Agriculturalist, 2012)
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The production of sugar cane in Mauritius....
takes up 90% of the country's agricultural land (New Agriculturalist, 2012)
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The 38 mile long island needed....
derocking (BBC, 1992)
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If nothing was done about population growth in the 1980s....
the population of Mauritius would have been 3m by 2000 (New Agriculturalist, 2012)
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The country imports...
70% of its food (New Agriculturalist, 2012)
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In terms of GDP, sugar cane production counts for....
2% of the Mauritian GDP (Milton, 2013)
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Growing sugar cane takes up....
40% of the total land mass in Mauritius (Milton, 2013)
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During the 1990s, exports of sugar cane...
made up 99% of the exports from the country (BBC,1992)
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The production of maize in Argentina increased....
to meet biofuel demands (Digby et al, 2009)
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It takes 230kg of maize to produce enough biofuel for one car's tank.....
this amount of maize could feed a family of four for a year (Digby et al, 2009)
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The government introduced Monsanto's GM technology....
in 1996 (Digby et al, 2009)
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There are concerns over monoculture as....
the land is being drained of its nutrients (Digby et al, 2009)
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Since 2000....
1m hectares of forest have been destroyed to grow GM soya (D)
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Yields have increased by....
173% since 1996 (The Guardian, 2014)
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A profit of...
£3bn has been generated as a result of growing GM soya (The Guardian, 2014)
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Since 1996, GM farming has created....
1m jobs (D)
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There have been reports of....
cancers, birth defects and blood poisoning within those who live near GM areas (Vice News, 2014)
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Although the population of Argentina is 43m....
the country produces enough food for 300m (D)
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Most of the yield is exported to the EU and China....
as animal feed
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Western governments are reluctant to send aid to Horn of Africa nations...
as money is likely to fall into the hands of corrupt powers (Harding, 2011)
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Al Shabab prevented aid agencies....
such as the International Corps from entering Somalia during the 2011 famine (BBC News, 2011)
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9,000 peace keepers....
have been deployed in Somalia to encourage talks between the militants and the UN (BBC News, 2011)
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$1.3m....
of aid was required to solve the problems caused by the famine (Wikipedia, 2016)
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Rapid population growth in northern Kenya....
saw the population double in 25 years (Harding, 2011)
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In both Eritrea and Somalia....
70% of the population is malnourished (UN,FAO, 2014)
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Thousands had died in Somalia....
before an official state of famine was declared (Wikipedia, 2016)
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Over 25% of the Somali population....
are displaced (BBC News, 2011)
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40% of the population of the Horn of Africa region....
are malnourished (Wikipedia, 2016)
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The fluctuation of rainfall....
led to the worst drought in 60 years, triggering the famine (Harding, 2011)
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In Kalahandi, the government owns the land....
as farmers can't afford to buy it themselves (Digby et al, 2009)
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Between 1998 and 2003, rice production exceeded local levels so....
it contributed to national reserves (Digby et al, 2009)
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The Food Security Bill of 2014 aims to support 800m Indians...
but only 270m are in poverty (Al Jazeera, 2014)
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In Dorli, Maharashtra....
there have been 600 farmer suicides as a result of crop failure and debt (Digby et al, 2009)
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50% of India's food surplus....
goes to cattle feed (In Motion Magazine, 2013)
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In 2007, the mass starvation resulted in....
250 deaths from cholera, people forced into eating tree bark and the Kalahandi population being unable to buy rice for a year.
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Droughts are frequent in Kalahandi...
they caused a famine in the 1980s (Digby et al, 2009)
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Droughts have persisted in the region....
for 30 years (D)
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The area is also affected by...
deforestation and a lack of development as a result of terrain (D)
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The conflict in Darfur has persisted for....
40 years (New Internationalist, 2010)
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Fighting between the government, rebels and the Janjaweed militia....
escalated at the beginning of the 21st century (Witherick, 2010)
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Violence was directed at aid agencies....
this resulted in the WFP cutting the amount of aid sent by 40% (UN News Centre, 2008)
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The Sudanese government promised aid trucks....
these never materialised (somalipress, 2008)
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Between 2002 and 2008, the number of people who'd died as a result of fighting was at.....
300,000 (Witherick, 2010)
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2/3 of the deaths during the conflict....
were related to starvation, disease and exposure (Witherick, 2010)
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Khartoum's National Islamic Front...
refused to disperse or even sell food at a reasonable price to the WFP (Reeves and Freeman, 2006)
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In August 2006....
335,000 people in Darfur had been cut off from aid (UN, 2006)
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The percentage of people who rely on agriculture for employment is...
60% (UN News Centre, 2008)
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Women and children have been....
harassed by militia when collecting firewood (UN News Centre, 2008)
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45% of the population....
were reliant on emergency food aid (Witherick, 2010)
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The increased frequency of droughts meant...
that water supplies couldn't meet the needs of farmers and pastoralists (Witherick, 2010)
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A conflict over...
fertile land and water emerged (Witherick, 2010)
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There was a profound lack of rainfall in 2007....
this caused the prices of food at home to double (somalipress,2008)
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The EU CAP stimulates overproduction which led to...
mountains of butter and wine (Digby et al, 2009)
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Producers are unfairly protected....
from markets and competition (Digby et al, 2009)
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There's the expectation that all EU countries will receive...
the same level of support. Britain received around £40m through CAP (Centre for European Politics, 2007)
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The number of full time farmers...
12m (EU Commission, 2014)
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The number involved in agrobusiness...
46M (EU Commission, 2014)
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When market prices for a particular product falls....
farmers are compensated through subsidies (Digby et al, 2009)
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The links between the levels of production and the amount of subsidies....
were broken in 2003. This was known as 'decoupling' (Digby et al, 2009)
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Changes to the CAP in 1991 and 2000....
saw greater attention being paid to the needs of the environment (Digby et al, 2009)
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Farmers are.....
stewards of the countryside (EU Commission, 2014)
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Define food security

Back

availability of food in a given area and the extent to which individuals can access supplies (Dunn et al, 2009)

Card 3

Front

Define food insecurity

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Define inequality

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Define famine

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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